Java实现通过netty建立websocket连接

使用 Netty 建立 WebSocket 连接并区分用户

1. 添加依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
    <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
    <version>4.1.63.Final</version>
</dependency>

2. 创建 WebSocket 客户端

添加了一个 userId 用来区分用户

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultHttpHeaders;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpClientCodec;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObjectAggregator;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketClientHandshaker;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketClientHandshakerFactory;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketFrame;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketVersion;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.TextWebSocketFrame;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketFrameAggregator;

public class WebSocketClient {

    private static final String USER_ID = "user123"; // 替换为实际的用户 ID

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        NioEventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
            bootstrap.group(group)
                    .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
                    .option(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true)
                    .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) {
                            ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpClientCodec());
                            ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(8192));
                            ch.pipeline().addLast(new WebSocketFrameAggregator(8192));
                            ch.pipeline().addLast(new WebSocketClientHandler(USER_ID));
                        }
                    });

            // 连接到服务器
            ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.connect("localhost", 8080).sync();
            future.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } finally {
            group.shutdownGracefully().sync();
        }
    }

    private static class WebSocketClientHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {

        private final String userId;

        public WebSocketClientHandler(String userId) {
            this.userId = userId;
        }

        @Override
        public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
            WebSocketClientHandshaker handshaker = WebSocketClientHandshakerFactory.newHandshaker(
                    ctx.channel().localAddress(), WebSocketVersion.V13, null, true, new DefaultHttpHeaders());
            handshaker.handshake(ctx.channel());
        }

        @Override
        public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
            if (msg instanceof WebSocketFrame) {
                WebSocketFrame frame = (WebSocketFrame) msg;
                if (frame instanceof TextWebSocketFrame) {
                    TextWebSocketFrame textFrame = (TextWebSocketFrame) frame;
                    String message = textFrame.text();
                    // 处理用户消息
                    System.out.println("用户 " + userId + " 收到消息: " + message);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}