用Tkinter打造GUI开发工具（42）Tkinter与TCL/Tk混合编程

用Tkinter打造GUI开发工具（42）Tkinter与TCL/Tk混合编程
Tcl/Tk的GUI工具组，它是John Ousterhout在Scriptics公司支持下建立的Tcl/Tk图形接口。是由C语言编写的图形扩展库和模块，实现了类似Windows视窗的X视窗系统功能。由Steen Lumholt和Guido van Rossum撰写了Python的Tkinter模块，Tkinter模块利用了Tcl/Tk的C扩展库（_tkinter）。用Tkinter开发程序不需要关注Tcl/Tk的接口和实现，因此Tkinter作为独立的Python扩展模块看待，目前Tkinter成为Python的标准GUI库。也就是说官网下载的Python安装包已经包含有Tkinter库了。很多Python工具都建立在Tkinter库的基础上，例如：
Python IDLE，Turtle绘图库…等都是用Tkinter编写而成。
Python是解释脚本语言，TCL也是解释脚本语言，由于Tkinter库的存在，因此Python可间接支持TCL语言，可以运行TCL程序和TCL模块文件。
下面先看直接运行TCL程序的方法。

import tkinter as tk

#查看tkinter版本号
print('Tkinter版本:', tk.TkVersion)

#建立一个tcl的解释器
tcl = tk.Tcl()

#察看tcl版本号
print( 'Tcl版本:',tk.TclVersion)

#tcl语言脚本
tclcode='''
proc add {n m} {
    return [expr $n+$m]
}
'''
#执行tcl语言脚本
tcl.eval(tclcode)
#调用函数,tcl_str为返回值
tcl_str=tcl.eval('add 30 40')
#显示结果
print( tcl_str)
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程序执行结果如下：

Tkinter版本: 8.6
Tcl版本: 8.6
70
1
2
3
如果要执行TCL模块文件，可以如下操作。
1、建立tcl程序文件

proc sayHello {} {
    return "Hello TCL world!"
}

proc add {num1 num2} {
    return [expr $num1 + $num2]
}
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