centos7 安装mysql 5.7

centos7 安装mysql 5.7

1、安装mysql

• 从官网下载对应版本，本次下载的是5.7.38版本

• 下载地址：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
  

• 将压缩包拷贝至服务器中并解压

# 解压
tar -xvf mysql-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@shell mysql]# ll
total 541528
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415  28991900 Mar 23  2022 mysql-community-client-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415    318868 Mar 23  2022 mysql-community-common-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415   4363096 Mar 23  2022 mysql-community-devel-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415  47993516 Mar 23  2022 mysql-community-embedded-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415  23315792 Mar 23  2022 mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 132675656 Mar 23  2022 mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415   2704332 Mar 23  2022 mysql-community-libs-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415   1264876 Mar 23  2022 mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 186231736 Mar 23  2022 mysql-community-server-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 126641600 Mar 23  2022 mysql-community-test-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@shell mysql]#

• 主要安装

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

# 安装 mysql-community-server 时会报错，提示缺少 libaio.so.1 
# 可以在rpm 安装命令后加 --nodeps强制安装，但是建议先将缺少的包安装，否则后面无法启动mysqld
yum install libaio.so.1 
# 再执行
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 

2、初始化mysql

# 启动mysql
systemctl start mysqld.service  
# 设置开机自启
systemctl enable mysqld.service
# 查看mysql状态
systemctl status mysqld.service

# 若启动报错，可通过 journactl -xe 查看具体报错日志
journactl -xe

# 查看初始密码（要记住这个密码，之后修改密码会用到）
cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password

3、遇到的报错

• mysql初始化 报错 [ERROR] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.

# 原因:是最开始没有清理干净mysql
journalctl -xe
……
[ERROR] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in i...borting.

# 解决方法
[root@shell mysql]# cat /etc/my.cnf | grep datadir
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
[root@shell mysql]# rm -fr /var/lib/mysql

[root@shell mysql]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@shell mysql]# systemctl status  mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2023-03-29 10:56:05 CST; 23s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)