该博客介绍了如何使用STM32通过SPI接口与0.96寸OLED显示屏交互，展示汉字、英文、数字信息并实现滚动效果。同时，结合温湿度传感器AHT20采集数据，并在OLED上实时显示温度和湿度读数。整个过程中涉及了I2C模拟、汉字字模提取及串行通信等技术。
一、SPI串行外设接口
SPI（Serial Peripheral Interface）就是串行外围设备接口。
SPI，是一种高速的，全双工，同步的通信总线，并且在芯片的管脚上只占用四根线，节约了芯片的管脚。SPI 是一个环形总线结构，由 ss(cs)、sck、sdi、sdo 构成，时序主要是在 sck 的控制下，两个双向移位寄存器进行数据交换。
上升沿发送、下降沿接收、高位先发送。
上升沿到来的时候，sdo 上的电平将被发送到从设备的寄存器中。
下降沿到来的时候，sdi 上的电平将被接收到主设备的寄存器中。
二、使用0.96寸OLED显示屏显示数据
1.实验工具与材料
软件：keil
硬件：PC机，STM32开发板（本过程采用的是stm32f103C8T6），0.96寸OLED显示屏，下载器（本过程采用ST_Link）
2.0.96寸OLED显示屏相关介绍
参考下面链接：
http://www.lcdwiki.com/zh/0.96inch_SPI_OLED_Module
3.引脚连接
| 模块引脚 | stm32f103c8t6 |
|---|---|
| VCC | 3.3V/5V |
| GND | GND |
| D0 | PB13 |
| D1 | PB15 |
| RES | PB12 |
| DC | PB10 |
| CS | PB11 |
三、OLED显示数据
1.main函数
int main(void)
{
delay_init(); //延时函数初始化
OLED_Init(); //初始化OLED
OLED_Clear(0); //清屏（全黑）
while(1)
{
TEST_MainPage(); //界面显示
}
}
2.提取字模
下载软件链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1zuj1ZmISxN3WGrZzV6CMaQ
提取码：vdls
"徐",0x10,0x40,0x10,0x40,0x20,0xA0,0x41,0x10,0x92,0x08,0x15,0xF6,0x20,0x40,0x60,0x40,
0xA7,0xFC,0x20,0x40,0x22,0x50,0x22,0x48,0x24,0x44,0x28,0x44,0x21,0x40,0x20,0x80,/*"徐",0*/
"宏",0x02,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFE,0x40,0x02,0x82,0x04,0x02,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x04,0x00,
0x04,0x80,0x08,0x80,0x09,0x00,0x11,0x00,0x22,0x20,0x44,0x10,0x8F,0xF8,0x04,0x08,/*"宏",1*/
"宇",0x02,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFE,0x40,0x02,0x80,0x04,0x3F,0xF8,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,
0x01,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x05,0x00,0x02,0x00,/*"宇",2*/
放到文件夹USER的gui.c–>oledfont.h
3.显示代码
void TEST_MainPage(void)
{
GUI_ShowString(28,0,"siyaoa",16,1);//英文姓名
GUI_ShowCHinese(28,20,16,"徐宏宇",1);//中文姓名
GUI_ShowString(4,48,"631907060225",16,1);//数字详细
delay_ms(1500);
delay_ms(1500);
}
4.烧录
5.结果
四、OLED滑动显示数据
1.跟前面的相差不太多添加了滑动命令
水平向左向右滑动
OLED_WR_Byte(0x2E,OLED_CMD); //关闭滚动
OLED_WR_Byte(0x26,OLED_CMD); //水平向左或者右滚动 26/27
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD); //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD); //起始页 0
OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD); //滚动时间间隔
OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD); //终止页 7
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD); //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0xFF,OLED_CMD); //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0x2F,OLED_CMD); //开启滚动
竖直向上向下滑动
OLED_WR_Byte(0x2e,OLED_CMD); //关闭滚动
OLED_WR_Byte(0x29,OLED_CMD); //水平垂直和水平滚动左右 29/2a
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD); //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD); //起始页 0
OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD); //滚动时间间隔
OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD); //终止页 1
OLED_WR_Byte(0x01,OLED_CMD); //垂直滚动偏移量
OLED_WR_Byte(0x2F,OLED_CMD); //开启滚动
2.又和上面一样汉字取模
"徐",0x10,0x40,0x10,0x40,0x20,0xA0,0x41,0x10,0x92,0x08,0x15,0xF6,0x20,0x40,0x60,0x40,
0xA7,0xFC,0x20,0x40,0x22,0x50,0x22,0x48,0x24,0x44,0x28,0x44,0x21,0x40,0x20,0x80,/*"徐",0*/
"宏",0x02,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFE,0x40,0x02,0x82,0x04,0x02,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x04,0x00,
0x04,0x80,0x08,0x80,0x09,0x00,0x11,0x00,0x22,0x20,0x44,0x10,0x8F,0xF8,0x04,0x08,/*"宏",1*/
"宇",0x02,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFE,0x40,0x02,0x80,0x04,0x3F,0xF8,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,
0x01,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x05,0x00,0x02,0x00,/*"宇",2*/
"前" ,0x10,0x10,0x08,0x10,0x08,0x20,0xFF,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x3E,0x08,0x22,0x48,0x22,0x48,
0x3E,0x48,0x22,0x48,0x22,0x48,0x3E,0x48,0x22,0x08,0x22,0x08,0x2A,0x28,0x24,0x10,/*"前",0*/
"面",0x00,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x02,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x3F,0xF8,0x24,0x48,0x24,0x48,
0x27,0xC8,0x24,0x48,0x24,0x48,0x27,0xC8,0x24,0x48,0x24,0x48,0x3F,0xF8,0x20,0x08,/*"面",1*/
"的",0x10,0x40,0x10,0x40,0x20,0x40,0x7E,0x7C,0x42,0x84,0x42,0x84,0x43,0x04,0x42,0x44,
0x7E,0x24,0x42,0x24,0x42,0x04,0x42,0x04,0x42,0x04,0x7E,0x04,0x42,0x28,0x00,0x10,/*"的",2*/
"区",0x00,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x40,0x00,0x40,0x10,0x44,0x10,0x42,0x20,0x41,0x40,0x40,0x80,
0x41,0x40,0x42,0x20,0x44,0x10,0x48,0x10,0x40,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x7F,0xFE,0x00,0x00,/*"区",3*/
"域",0x20,0x14,0x20,0x12,0x20,0x10,0x27,0xFE,0x20,0x10,0xF8,0x10,0x23,0xD2,0x22,0x52,
0x22,0x52,0x22,0x54,0x23,0xD4,0x38,0x08,0xE0,0xEA,0x47,0x1A,0x02,0x26,0x00,0x42,/*"域",4*/
"以",0x00,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x22,0x10,0x21,0x10,0x21,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x20,
0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x24,0x40,0x28,0x50,0x30,0x88,0x21,0x04,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x02,/*"以",5*/
"后",0x00,0x10,0x00,0xF8,0x1F,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x1F,0xFE,0x10,0x00,0x10,0x00,
0x10,0x00,0x17,0xF8,0x14,0x08,0x24,0x08,0x24,0x08,0x44,0x08,0x87,0xF8,0x04,0x08,/*"后",6*/
"再",0x00,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x3F,0xF8,0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,0x3F,0xF8,
0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,0xFF,0xFE,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x28,0x20,0x10,/*"再",7*/
"来",0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x01,0x00,0x11,0x10,0x09,0x10,0x09,0x20,
0xFF,0xFE,0x03,0x80,0x05,0x40,0x09,0x20,0x31,0x18,0xC1,0x06,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,/*"来",8*/
"探",0x20,0x00,0x27,0xFC,0x24,0x04,0x24,0xA4,0xF9,0x10,0x22,0x08,0x20,0x40,0x28,0x40,
0x37,0xFC,0xE0,0x40,0x20,0xE0,0x21,0x50,0x22,0x48,0x2C,0x46,0xA0,0x40,0x40,0x40,/*"探",9*/
"索",0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x3F,0xF8,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFE,0x42,0x02,0x84,0x24,
0x1F,0xC0,0x01,0x80,0x06,0x10,0x3F,0xF8,0x01,0x08,0x11,0x20,0x25,0x10,0x42,0x08,/*"索",10*/
"吧",0x00,0x00,0x03,0xF8,0x7A,0x48,0x4A,0x48,0x4A,0x48,0x4A,0x48,0x4A,0x48,0x4B,0xF8,
0x4A,0x08,0x4A,0x00,0x7A,0x00,0x4A,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x01,0xFE,0x00,0x00,/*"吧",11*/
"！",0x00,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x10,0x00,
0x10,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/*"！",12*/
3.main.c代码在上面改动
#include "delay.h"
#include "sys.h"
#include "oled.h"
#include "gui.h"
#include "test.h"
int main(void)
{
delay_init(); //延时函数初始化
NVIC_Configuration(); //设置NVIC中断分组2:2位抢占优先级，2位响应优先级
OLED_Init(); //初始化OLED
OLED_Clear(0); //清屏（全黑）
OLED_WR_Byte(0x2E,OLED_CMD); //关闭滚动
OLED_WR_Byte(0x27,OLED_CMD); //水平向左或者右滚动 26/27
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD); //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD); //起始页 0
OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD); //滚动时间间隔
OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD); //终止页 7
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD); //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0xFF,OLED_CMD); //虚拟字节
TEST_MainPage();
OLED_WR_Byte(0x2F,OLED_CMD); //开启滚动
}
4.修改显示函数TEST_MainPage
void TEST_MainPage(void)
{
//GUI_ShowString(28,0,"siyaoa",16,1);
GUI_ShowCHinese(28,20,16,"徐宏宇前面的区域以后再来探索吧！",1);
//GUI_ShowString(40,32,"64X128",16,1);
//GUI_ShowString(4,48,"631907060225",16,1);
//GUI_ShowString(4,48,"www.lcdwiki.com",16,1);
delay_ms(1500);
delay_ms(1500);
}
5.烧录
6.结果
五、OLED显示温湿度传感器获得数据
1.实现温湿度的采集
可以查看链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_49297422/article/details/121563882
2.实现将温湿度采集数据显示到OLED
基于上面实现串口显示的工程上，进行添加相关OLED的代码。
3.和上面一样添加字模
"温",0x00,0x00,0x23,0xF8,0x12,0x08,0x12,0x08,0x83,0xF8,0x42,0x08,0x42,0x08,0x13,0xF8,
0x10,0x00,0x27,0xFC,0xE4,0xA4,0x24,0xA4,0x24,0xA4,0x24,0xA4,0x2F,0xFE,0x00,0x00,/*"温",0*/
"度",0x01,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x3F,0xFE,0x22,0x20,0x22,0x20,0x3F,0xFC,0x22,0x20,0x22,0x20,
0x23,0xE0,0x20,0x00,0x2F,0xF0,0x24,0x10,0x42,0x20,0x41,0xC0,0x86,0x30,0x38,0x0E,/*"度",0*/
"湿",0x00,0x00,0x27,0xF8,0x14,0x08,0x14,0x08,0x87,0xF8,0x44,0x08,0x44,0x08,0x17,0xF8,
0x11,0x20,0x21,0x20,0xE9,0x24,0x25,0x28,0x23,0x30,0x21,0x20,0x2F,0xFE,0x00,0x00,/*"湿",0*/
"显",0x00,0x00,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,
0x04,0x40,0x44,0x44,0x24,0x44,0x14,0x48,0x14,0x50,0x04,0x40,0xFF,0xFE,0x00,0x00,/*"显",0*/
"示",0x00,0x00,0x3F,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x01,0x00,
0x01,0x00,0x11,0x10,0x11,0x08,0x21,0x04,0x41,0x02,0x81,0x02,0x05,0x00,0x02,0x00,/*"示",0*/
4.main函数
#include "delay.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "bsp_i2c.h"
#include "sys.h"
#include "oled.h"
#include "gui.h"
#include "test.h"
int main(void)
{
delay_init(); //延时函数初始化
uart_init(115200);
IIC_Init();
NVIC_Configuration(); //设置NVIC中断分组2:2位抢占优先级，2位响应优先级
OLED_Init(); //初始化OLED
OLED_Clear(0);
while(1)
{
//printf("温度湿度显示");
read_AHT20_once();
OLED_Clear(0);
delay_ms(1500);
}
}
5.显示温湿度代码
void read_AHT20(void)
{
uint8_t i;
for(i=0; i<6; i++)
{
readByte[i]=0;
}
//-------------
I2C_Start();
I2C_WriteByte(0x71);
ack_status = Receive_ACK();
readByte[0]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();
readByte[1]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();
readByte[2]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();
readByte[3]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();
readByte[4]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();
readByte[5]= I2C_ReadByte();
SendNot_Ack();
//Send_ACK();
I2C_Stop();
//--------------
if( (readByte[0] & 0x68) == 0x08 )
{
H1 = readByte[1];
H1 = (H1<<8) | readByte[2];
H1 = (H1<<8) | readByte[3];
H1 = H1>>4;
H1 = (H1*1000)/1024/1024;
T1 = readByte[3];
T1 = T1 & 0x0000000F;
T1 = (T1<<8) | readByte[4];
T1 = (T1<<8) | readByte[5];
T1 = (T1*2000)/1024/1024 - 500;
AHT20_OutData[0] = (H1>>8) & 0x000000FF;
AHT20_OutData[1] = H1 & 0x000000FF;
AHT20_OutData[2] = (T1>>8) & 0x000000FF;
AHT20_OutData[3] = T1 & 0x000000FF;
}
else
{
AHT20_OutData[0] = 0xFF;
AHT20_OutData[1] = 0xFF;
AHT20_OutData[2] = 0xFF;
AHT20_OutData[3] = 0xFF;
printf("lyy");
}
/*通过串口显示采集得到的温湿度
printf("\r\n");
printf("温度:%d%d.%d",T1/100,(T1/10)%10,T1%10);
printf("湿度:%d%d.%d",H1/100,(H1/10)%10,H1%10);
printf("\r\n");*/
t=T1/10;
t1=T1%10;
a=(float)(t+t1*0.1);
h=H1/10;
h1=H1%10;
b=(float)(h+h1*0.1);
sprintf(strTemp,"%.1f",a); //调用Sprintf函数把DHT11的温度数据格式化到字符串数组变量strTemp中
sprintf(strHumi,"%.1f",b); //调用Sprintf函数把DHT11的湿度数据格式化到字符串数组变量strHumi中
GUI_ShowCHinese(16,00,16,"温湿度显示",1);
GUI_ShowCHinese(16,20,16,"温度",1);
GUI_ShowString(53,20,strTemp,16,1);
GUI_ShowCHinese(16,38,16,"湿度",1);
GUI_ShowString(53,38,strHumi,16,1);
delay_ms(1500);
delay_ms(1500);
}
6.烧录
7.结果
六、总结
经过本次实验学习对I2C了解更加深入了一点，汉字显示需要取字模，滑动显示只是在普通显示上面加了一些命令，温湿度采集的过程是使用的模拟I2C，OLED的显示采用SPI
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