© Fu Xianjun. All Rights Reserved. 今天小赵带大家进入openCV的图像金字塔,素材依然来自我们的小傅老师,这次他给我们准备的素材很不错。
前言
图像金字塔是一副图像的多个不同分辨率的子图锁构成的图像集合
提示:以下是本篇文章正文内容,下面案例可供参考
一、图像金字塔是什么?
我们看一下知识点
二、图像金字塔的实现
1.高斯金字塔
关键代码知识点
代码:
import cv2
import numpy as np
o=cv2.imread('lena.bmp')
down=cv2.pyrDown(o)
up=cv2.pyrUp(down)
diff=up-o
cv2.imshow("down",down)
cv2.imshow("up",up)
cv2.imshow("diff",diff)
cv2.waitKey()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
代码效果如下:
高斯金字塔会造成图像的一些像素值的损失,通过这边的代码操作大家就可以看出来了
2.拉普拉斯金字塔
概念认识:
代码如下:
# 拉普拉斯金字塔构建
G0 = cv2.imread("lena.bmp")
cv2.imshow("input image",G0)
G1=cv2.pyrDown(G0)
G2=cv2.pyrDown(G1)
G3=cv2.pyrDown(G2)
G4=cv2.pyrDown(G3)
L0 = cv2.subtract(G0,cv2.pyrUp(G1))
L1 = cv2.subtract(G1,cv2.pyrUp(G2))
L2 = cv2.subtract(G2,cv2.pyrUp(G3))
L3 = cv2.subtract(G3,cv2.pyrUp(G4))
cv2.imshow("G1",G1)
cv2.imshow("G2",G2)
cv2.imshow("G3",G3)
cv2.imshow("G4",G4)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
代码效果如下:
3.金字塔的应用
代码如下(示例):
import cv2
import numpy as np
A = cv2.imread('apple.png')
A = cv2.resize(A,(256,256),interpolation=cv2.INTER_CUBIC)
B = cv2.imread('orange.png')
B = cv2.resize(B,(256,256),interpolation=cv2.INTER_CUBIC)
# 生成高斯金字塔
G = A.copy()
gpA = [G]
for i in range(5):
G = cv2.pyrDown(G)
gpA.append(G)
G = B.copy()
gpB = [G]
for i in range(5):
G = cv2.pyrDown(G)
gpB.append(G)
# 产生Laplacian金字塔
lpA = [gpA[5]]
for i in range(5,0,-1):
GE = cv2.pyrUp(gpA[i])
L = cv2.subtract(gpA[i-1],GE)
lpA.append(L)
lpB = [gpB[5]]
for i in range(5,0,-1):
GE = cv2.pyrUp(gpB[i])
L = cv2.subtract(gpB[i-1],GE)
lpB.append(L)
# 合并
LS = []
for la,lb in zip(lpA,lpB):
rows,cols,dpt = la.shape
ls = np.hstack((la[:,0:cols//2], lb[:,cols//2:]))
LS.append(ls)
# 重新构建图像
ls_ = LS[0]
for i in range(1,6):
ls_ = cv2.pyrUp(ls_)
ls_ = cv2.add(ls_, LS[i])
# 连接
real = np.hstack((A[:,:cols//2],B[:,cols//2:])) # 让图片的衔接更加真实点
cv2.imshow("apple",A)
cv2.imshow("orange",B)
cv2.imshow("LS",ls_)
cv2.imshow("Real",real)
cv2.waitKey()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
代码效果如下
三、ROI在了解
1.脸部更改
代码
import cv2
src=cv2.imread("lena.jpg")
cv2.imshow("first_image", src)
face = src[100:200, 100:200] #选择200:300行、200:400列区域作为截取对象
gray = cv2.cvtColor(face, cv2.COLOR_RGB2GRAY) #生成的的灰度图是单通道图像
backface = cv2.cvtColor(gray, cv2.COLOR_GRAY2BGR) #将单通道图像转换为三通道RGB灰度图,因为只有三通道的backface才可以赋给三通道的src
src[100:200, 100:200] = backface
cv2.imshow("face", src)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
代码效果如下:
2.图像条痕
代码如下:
import cv2
lena=cv2.imread("lena.jpg")
src=lena.copy()
h,w=src.shape[:2]
h1=h//40
for i in range(0,44,2):
roi=src[i*h1:(i+1)*h1,0:w]
gray = cv2.cvtColor(roi, cv2.COLOR_RGB2GRAY)
backface = cv2.cvtColor(gray, cv2.COLOR_GRAY2BGR)
src[i*h1:(i+1)*h1,0:w] = backface
cv2.imshow("inputface", lena)
cv2.imshow("face", src)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
代码效果如下:
四、泛洪填充
知识储备如下:
代码如下:
import cv2 as cv
import numpy as np
# 彩色图像填充
def fill_color_demo(src,seedx,seedy):
img_copy = src.copy()
h, w, ch = src.shape
mask = np.zeros([h+2, w+2], np.uint8)
cv.floodFill(img_copy, mask, (seedx, seedy), (0, 255, 0),(50, 50, 50), (100, 100, 100), cv.FLOODFILL_FIXED_RANGE)
cv.imshow("color_demo", img_copy)
src = cv.imread('AM.png')
fill_color_demo(src,140,140) # 处理的图,和开始的填充的像素点
cv.waitKey()
cv.destroyAllWindows()
代码效果如下:
总结
提示:这里对文章进行总结:图像金字塔学起来不算太难,还有许多功能有待大家自己发现,一起加油!