STA模式介绍
Station模式又叫做站点工作模式,类似于无线终端。处于Station模式下的ESP32,可以连接到AP(WIFI路由器)。通过Station(简称为“STA”)模式,ESP32作为客户端连接到路由的wifi信号。
基于AP组建的基础无线网络(Infra):Infra:也称为基础网,是由AP创建,众多STA加入所组成的无线网络,这种类型的网络的特点是AP是整个网络的中心,网络中所有的通信都通过AP来转发完成。
TCP介绍
传输控制协议(TCP,Transmission Control Protocol)是一种面向连接的、可靠的、基于字节流的传输层通信协议。
TCP旨在适应支持多网络应用的分层协议层次结构。 连接到不同但互连的计算机通信网络的主计算机中的成对进程之间依靠TCP提供可靠的通信服务。TCP假设它可以从较低级别的协议获得简单的,可能不可靠的数据报服务。 原则上,TCP应该能够在从硬线连接到分组交换或电路交换网络的各种通信系统之上操作。
TCP分为服务端Server和客户端Client,服务端创建服务等待客户端连接,客户端连接后即可与服务端相互发送消息,服务端只有一个,客户端可以是N个,可以同时连接服务端,服务器不能主动去连接客户端,必须客户端主动连接服务端才能相互发送消息。
流程
1.一个ESP32创建STA模式,一个ESP32创建AP模式。
2.创建TCP client连接AP模式ESP32的服务器。
3.相互发送数据
编写代码
引用必要的头文件
#include <string.h>
#include "freertos/FreeRTOS.h"
#include "freertos/task.h"
#include "freertos/event_groups.h"
#include "esp_system.h"
#include "esp_wifi.h"
#include "esp_event.h"
#include "esp_log.h"
#include "nvs_flash.h"
#include "lwip/err.h"
#include "lwip/sys.h"
#include <sys/param.h>
#include "esp_netif.h"
//#include "protocol_examples_common.h"
//#include "addr_from_stdin.h"
#include "lwip/sockets.h"
创建STA模式并连接AP
void wifi_init_sta(void)
{
s_wifi_event_group = xEventGroupCreate();
ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_netif_init());
ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_event_loop_create_default());
esp_netif_create_default_wifi_sta();
wifi_init_config_t cfg = WIFI_INIT_CONFIG_DEFAULT();
ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_wifi_init(&cfg));
esp_event_handler_instance_t instance_any_id;
esp_event_handler_instance_t instance_got_ip;
ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_event_handler_instance_register(WIFI_EVENT,
ESP_EVENT_ANY_ID,
&event_handler,
NULL,
&instance_any_id));
ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_event_handler_instance_register(IP_EVENT,
IP_EVENT_STA_GOT_IP,
&event_handler,
NULL,
&instance_got_ip));
wifi_config_t wifi_config = {
.sta = {
.ssid = EXAMPLE_ESP_WIFI_SSID,
.password = EXAMPLE_ESP_WIFI_PASS,
/* 设置密码意味着工作站将连接到所有安全模式,包括WEP/WPA.
* However these modes are deprecated and not advisable to be used. Incase your Access point
* doesn't support WPA2, these mode can be enabled by commenting below line */
.threshold.authmode = WIFI_AUTH_WPA2_PSK,
.pmf_cfg = {
.capable = true,
.required = false
},
},
};
ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_wifi_set_mode(WIFI_MODE_STA) );
ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_wifi_set_config(ESP_IF_WIFI_STA, &wifi_config) );
ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_wifi_start() );
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "wifi_init_sta finished.");
/* Waiting until either the connection is established (WIFI_CONNECTED_BIT) or connection failed for the maximum
* number of re-tries (WIFI_FAIL_BIT). The bits are set by event_handler() (see above) */
EventBits_t bits = xEventGroupWaitBits(s_wifi_event_group,
WIFI_CONNECTED_BIT | WIFI_FAIL_BIT,
pdFALSE,
pdFALSE,
portMAX_DELAY);
/* xEventGroupWaitBits()在调用返回之前返回位,因此我们可以测试实际上是哪个事件
* 发生. */
if (bits & WIFI_CONNECTED_BIT) {
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "connected to ap SSID:%s password:%s",
EXAMPLE_ESP_WIFI_SSID, EXAMPLE_ESP_WIFI_PASS);
} else if (bits & WIFI_FAIL_BIT) {
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Failed to connect to SSID:%s, password:%s",
EXAMPLE_ESP_WIFI_SSID, EXAMPLE_ESP_WIFI_PASS);
} else {
ESP_LOGE(TAG, "UNEXPECTED EVENT");
}
/* 注销后将不会处理该事件 */
ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_event_handler_instance_unregister(IP_EVENT, IP_EVENT_STA_GOT_IP, instance_got_ip));
ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_event_handler_instance_unregister(WIFI_EVENT, ESP_EVENT_ANY_ID, instance_any_id));
vEventGroupDelete(s_wifi_event_group);
}
static void event_handler(void* arg, esp_event_base_t event_base,
int32_t event_id, void* event_data)
{
if (event_base == WIFI_EVENT && event_id == WIFI_EVENT_STA_START) {
esp_wifi_connect();
} else if (event_base == WIFI_EVENT && event_id == WIFI_EVENT_STA_DISCONNECTED) {
if (s_retry_num < EXAMPLE_ESP_MAXIMUM_RETRY) {
esp_wifi_connect();
s_retry_num++;
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "retry to connect to the AP");
} else {
xEventGroupSetBits(s_wifi_event_group, WIFI_FAIL_BIT);
}
ESP_LOGI(TAG,"connect to the AP fail");
} else if (event_base == IP_EVENT && event_id == IP_EVENT_STA_GOT_IP) {
ip_event_got_ip_t* event = (ip_event_got_ip_t*) event_data;
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "got ip:" IPSTR, IP2STR(&event->ip_info.ip));
s_retry_num = 0;
xEventGroupSetBits(s_wifi_event_group, WIFI_CONNECTED_BIT);
}
}
创建客户端并连接服务器
static void tcp_client_task(void *pvParameters)
{
char host_ip[] = HOST_IP_ADDR;
int addr_family = 0;
int ip_protocol = 0;
while (1) {
struct sockaddr_in dest_addr;
dest_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(host_ip);
dest_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
dest_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
addr_family = AF_INET;
ip_protocol = IPPROTO_IP;
int sock = socket(addr_family, SOCK_STREAM, ip_protocol);//创建socket套接字
if (sock < 0) {
ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Unable to create socket: errno %d", errno);
break;
}
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Socket created, connecting to %s:%d", host_ip, PORT);
int err = connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&dest_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));//连接
if (err != 0) {
ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Socket unable to connect: errno %d", errno);
break;
}
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Successfully connected");
}
发送与处理接收的数据
void send_recv_data(void)
{
while (1) {
//if(payload != NULL) {
int err = send(sock, payload, strlen(payload), 0);//发送数据
if (err < 0) {
ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Error occurred during sending: errno %d", errno);
break;
}
// payload = NULL;
//}
int len = recv(sock, rx_buffer, sizeof(rx_buffer) - 1, 0);//接收数据
// 接收过程中出错
if (len < 0) {
ESP_LOGE(TAG, "recv failed: errno %d", errno);
break;
}
// Data received
else {
rx_buffer[len] = 0; // Null-terminate whatever we received and treat like a string
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Received %d bytes from %s:", len, host_ip);
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "%s", rx_buffer);
}
vTaskDelay(2000 / portTICK_PERIOD_MS);
}
}
编译烧录测试
代码写好后进行编译烧录测试,使用ESP32-WROOM-32模组
编译
烧录
测试