- 第一阶段：项目的准备
Spring整合MyBatis
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 这个版本太低，不支持com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver-->
<!-- <dependency>-->
<!-- <groupId>mysql</groupId>-->
<!-- <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>-->
<!-- <version>5.1.47</version>-->
<!-- </dependency>-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.29</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.16</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<configuration>
<port>80</port>
<path>/</path>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
-
配置：
@Configuration @ComponentScan({"com.itheima.service"}) @PropertySource("classpath:jdbc.properties") @Import({JdbcConfig.class,MyBatisConfig.class}) @EnableTransactionManagement public class SpringConfig { }public class JdbcConfig { @Value("${jdbc.driver}") private String driver; @Value("${jdbc.url}") private String url; @Value("${jdbc.username}") private String username; @Value("${jdbc.password}") private String password; @Bean public DataSource dataSource() { DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource(); dataSource.setDriverClassName(driver); dataSource.setUrl(url); dataSource.setUsername(username); dataSource.setPassword(password); return dataSource; } }jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm_db jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=12345678public class MyBatisConfig { @Bean public SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactory(DataSource dataSource) { SqlSessionFactoryBean factoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean(); factoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource); factoryBean.setTypeAliasesPackage("com.itheima.domain"); return factoryBean; } @Bean public MapperScannerConfigurer mapperScannerConfigurer() { MapperScannerConfigurer msc = new MapperScannerConfigurer(); msc.setBasePackage("com.itheima.dao"); return msc; } } -
模型
public class Book { private Integer id; private String type; private String name; private String description; public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getType() { return type; } public void setType(String type) { this.type = type; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getDescription() { return description; } public void setDescription(String description) { this.description = description; } @Override public String toString() { return "Book{" + "id=" + id + ", type='" + type + '\'' + ", name='" + name + '\'' + ", description='" + description + '\'' + '}'; } } -
数据层标准开发
@Repository public interface BookDao { // @Insert("insert into tbl_book values(null,#{type},#{name},#{description})") @Insert("insert into tbl_book(type, name, description) values(#{type},#{name},#{description})") public void save(Book book); @Update("update tbl_book set type=#{type},name=#{name},description=#{description} where id=#{id}") public void update(Book book); @Delete("delete from tbl_book where id=#{id}") public void delete(Integer id); @Select("select * from tbl_book where id=#{id}") public Book getById(Integer id); @Select("select * from tbl_book") public List<Book> getAll(); } -
业务层标准开发–需要添加注释
public interface BookService { /** * 保存 * * @param book * @return */ public boolean save(Book book); /** * 修改 * * @param book * @return */ public boolean update(Book book); /** * 根据id删除 * * @param id * @return */ public boolean delete(Integer id); /** * 按id查询 * * @param id * @return */ public Book getById(Integer id); /** * 查询全部 * * @return */ public List<Book> getAll(); }@Service public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService { @Autowired private BookDao bookDao; public boolean save(Book book) { bookDao.save(book); return true; } public boolean update(Book book) { bookDao.update(book); return true; } public boolean delete(Integer id) { bookDao.delete(id); return true; } public Book getById(Integer id) { return bookDao.getById(id); } public List<Book> getAll() { return bookDao.getAll(); } } -
测试接口
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(classes = SpringConfig.class) public class BookServiceTest { @Autowired private BookService bookService; @Test public void testGetBtyId(){ Book book = bookService.getById(1); System.out.println(book); } @Test public void testGetAll(){ List<Book> bookList = bookService.getAll(); System.out.println(bookList); } } -
如果有需要进行事务处理（了解）
@Bean public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager(DataSource dataSource) { DataSourceTransactionManager ds = new DataSourceTransactionManager(); ds.setDataSource(dataSource); return ds; }@Configuration @ComponentScan({"com.itheima.service"}) @PropertySource("classpath:jdbc.properties") @Import({JdbcConfig.class,MyBatisConfig.class}) //开启事务 @EnableTransactionManagement public class SpringConfig { }- 挂上事务，挂在service的业务层接口中，而不是实现类。
@Transactional public interface BookService {}
Spring整合SpringMVC
public class ServletConfig extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
return new Class[]{SpringConfig.class};
}
protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
return new Class[]{SpringMvcConfig.class};
}
protected String[] getServletMappings() {
return new String[]{"/"};
}
//乱码处理
@Override
protected Filter[] getServletFilters() {
CharacterEncodingFilter filter = new CharacterEncodingFilter();
filter.setEncoding("UTF-8");
return new Filter[]{filter};
}
}
@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.itheima.controller")
@EnableWebMvc
public class SpringMvcConfig {
}
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/books")
public class BookController {
@Autowired
private BookService bookService;
@PostMapping
public boolean save(@RequestBody Book book) {
return bookService.save(book);
}
@PutMapping
public boolean update(@RequestBody Book book) {
return bookService.update(book);
}
@DeleteMapping("/{id}")
public boolean delete(@PathVariable Integer id) {
return bookService.delete(id);
}
@GetMapping("/{id}")
public Book getById(@PathVariable Integer id) {
return bookService.getById(id);
}
@GetMapping
public List<Book> getAll() {
return bookService.getAll();
}
}
-
第二阶段：表现层数据封装
-
前端的需求：
- 操作（增？删？还是改）–code字段
- 数据–date字段
- 成功还是失败？–msg字段
-
因此，我们要疯转一下返回的格式
表现层封装数据
- 设置统一数据返回类
public class Result {
private Object data;
private Integer code;
private String msg;
//自行设置setter与getter方法
//提供若干个构造方法，方便操作
}
- 设置统一数据返回结果编码,主要按照规范文档进行操作
public class Code {
public static final Integer SAVE_OK = 20011;
public static final Integer DELETE_OK = 200121;
public static final Integer UPDATAE_OK = 20031;
public static final Integer GET_OK = 20041;
public static final Integer SAVE_ERR = 20010;
public static final Integer DELETE_ERR = 200120;
public static final Integer UPDATAE_ERR = 20030;
public static final Integer GET_ERR = 20040;
}
- 根据情况设定合理的Result
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/books")
public class BookController {
@Autowired
private BookService bookService;
@PostMapping
public Result save(@RequestBody Book book) {
boolean flag = bookService.save(book);
return new Result(flag ? Code.SAVE_OK : Code.SAVE_ERR, flag);
}
@PutMapping
public Result update(@RequestBody Book book) {
boolean flag = bookService.update(book);
return new Result(flag ? Code.UPDATAE_OK : Code.UPDATAE_ERR, flag);
}
@DeleteMapping("/{id}")
public Result delete(@PathVariable Integer id) {
boolean flag = bookService.delete(id);
return new Result(flag ? Code.DELETE_OK : Code.DELETE_ERR, flag);
}
@GetMapping("/{id}")
public Result getById(@PathVariable Integer id) {
Book book = bookService.getById(id);
Integer code = book != null ? Code.GET_OK : Code.GET_ERR;
String msg = book != null ? "" : "数据查询失败，请重试!";
return new Result(code, book, msg);
}
@GetMapping
public Result getAll() {
List<Book> bookList = bookService.getAll();
Integer code = bookList != null ? Code.GET_OK : Code.GET_ERR;
String msg = bookList != null ? "" : "数据查询失败，请重试!";
return new Result(code, bookList, msg);
}
}
异常处理器
-
程序开发过程中不可避免会遇到异常
-
出现异常现象的常见位置与常见诱因如下：
- 框架内部抛出的异常，因为使用不合规范
- 数据层抛出的异常：因外部服务器故障导致（例如：服务器超时访问）
- 业务层抛出的异常：因为业务逻辑书写错误导致（例如：遍历业务书写操作，导致索引异常等）
- 表现层抛出的异常：因数据收集、校验等规则导致（例如：不匹配的数据类型间导致异常）
- 工具类抛出的异常：因工具类数据不严谨不够健壮导致（例如：必要释放的连接长期为释放等）
-
一般来说，所有的异常都抛出到表现层进行处理，AOP思想解决每个方法单独书写
-
Spring提供了集中、统一的异常处理器，其中的内部思想也就是AOP
//@ControllerAdvice
//我们使用Rest风格的异常处理器，并且必须保证在SPringConfig中被扫描到
@RestControllerAdvice
public class ProjectExceptionAdvice {
//异常拦截器，在这里说明要拦截的异常
@ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
public Result doException(Exception ex) {
System.out.println("抓到异常了" + ex);
return new Result(666, (Object) null,"抓到异常了" + ex);
}
}
- 异常处理器
- 名称：
@ExceptionHandler - 类型：方法注解
- 位置：专用于异常处理的控制器方法上方
- 作用：设置指定异常的处理方案，功能等同于控制器的方法，出现异常后终止原始控制器执行，并转入当前方法执行
- 说明：此类方法可以根据处理的异常不同，制作多个方法分别处理对应的异常
项目异常处理方法
-
项目异常分类：
- 业务异常（BussinessException）
- 规范的用户行为产生的异常
- 不规范的用户行为产生的异常
- 系统异常（SystemException）
- 系统项目运行过程中可预计且无法避免的异常
- 其他异常(Exception)
- 编程人员未预期到的
- 业务异常（BussinessException）
-
项目异常处理方案
- 业务异常(BusinessException)
- 发送对应消息传递给用户，提醒规范操作
- 系统异常（SystemException）
- 发送固定消息传递给用户，安抚用户
- 发送特定消息给运维人员，提醒运维
- 记录日志
- 其他异常(Exception)
- 发送固定消息传递给用户，安抚用户
- 发送特定消息给运维人员，提醒维护（纳入预期范围内）
- 记录日志
- 业务异常(BusinessException)
项目异常处理
①自定义项目系统异常
//让他可以运行，需要继承这个类
public class SystemException extends RuntimeException {
//记录一个编号，警示这是什么异常
private Integer code;
public Integer getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(Integer code) {
this.code = code;
}
public SystemException(Integer code, String message) {
super(message);
this.code = code;
}
public SystemException(Integer code, String message, Throwable cause) {
super(message, cause);
this.code = code;
}
}
②自定义项目业务级异常
//让他可以运行，需要继承这个类
public class BusinessException extends RuntimeException {
//记录一个编号，警示这是什么异常
private Integer code;
public Integer getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(Integer code) {
this.code = code;
}
public BusinessException(Integer code, String message) {
super(message);
this.code = code;
}
public BusinessException(Integer code, String message, Throwable cause) {
super(message, cause);
this.code = code;
}
}
③自定义异常编码（持续补充）
package com.itheima.controller;
public class Code {
public static final Integer SAVE_OK = 20011;
public static final Integer DELETE_OK = 200121;
public static final Integer UPDATAE_OK = 20031;
public static final Integer GET_OK = 20041;
public static final Integer SAVE_ERR = 20010;
public static final Integer DELETE_ERR = 200120;
public static final Integer UPDATAE_ERR = 20030;
public static final Integer GET_ERR = 20040;
public static final Integer SYSTEM_ERR = 50001;
public static final Integer SYSTEM_TIMEOUT_ERR = 50002;
public static final Integer SYSTEM_UNKNOW_ERR = 50002;
public static final Integer BUSINESS_ERR = 60002;
}
④触发自定义异常
@Service
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
@Autowired
private BookDao bookDao;
public boolean save(Book book) {
bookDao.save(book);
return true;
}
public boolean update(Book book) {
bookDao.update(book);
return true;
}
public boolean delete(Integer id) {
bookDao.delete(id);
return true;
}
public Book getById(Integer id) {
//将可能出现的异常进行包装，转换成自定义异常
if (id == 1) {
throw new BusinessException(Code.BUSINESS_ERR, "请不要使用使用你的技术挑战我的耐性！");
}
try {
int i = 1 / 0;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new SystemException(Code.SYSTEM_TIMEOUT_ERR, "服务器访问超时，请重试!", e);
}
return bookDao.getById(id);
}
public List<Book> getAll() {
return bookDao.getAll();
}
}
⑤拦截并处理异常
package com.itheima.controller;
import com.itheima.exception.BusinessException;
import com.itheima.exception.SystemException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;
//@ControllerAdvice
//我们使用Rest风格的异常处理器，并且必须保证在SPringConfig中被扫描到
@RestControllerAdvice
public class ProjectExceptionAdvice {
//异常拦截器
@ExceptionHandler(SystemException.class)
public Result doException(SystemException ex) {
//记录日志
//发送消息给运维
//发送邮件给开发人员,ex对象发送给开发人员
return new Result(ex.getCode(), null, ex.getMessage());
}
@ExceptionHandler(BusinessException.class)
public Result doException(BusinessException ex) {
return new Result(ex.getCode(), null, ex.getMessage());
}
@ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
public Result doException(Exception ex) {
return new Result(Code.SYSTEM_UNKNOW_ERR, null, "系统繁忙，请稍后再试！");
}
}
⑥异常处理器效果对比
{
"data": [
{
"id": 1,
"type": "计算机理论",
"name": "Spring实战第五版",
"description": "Spring入门经典教程，深入理解Spring原理技术内幕"
}
],
"code": 20041,
"msg": ""
}
{
"data": null,
"code": 50002,
"msg": "服务器访问超时，请重试!"
}
案例：SSM整合标准开发
①自定义项目系统级异常
axios.get("/books").then((res)=>{})
axios.post("/books",this.formData).then((res)=>{})
axios.delete("/books/"+row.id).then((res)=>{})
axios.put("/books",this.formData).then((res)=>{})
axios.get("/books/"+row.id).then((res)=>{})
②有关方法
methods: {
// 重置表单
resetForm() {
//清空输入框
this.formData = {};
},
// 弹出添加窗口
openSave() {
this.dialogFormVisible = true;
this.resetForm();
},
//添加
saveBook() {
//发送ajax请求
axios.post("/books", this.formData).then((res) => {
//如果操作成功，关闭弹窗，刷新数据
if (20011 == res.data.code) {
this.dialogFormVisible = false;
this.$message.success("添加成功！");
} else if (20010 == res.data.code) {
//如果失败，返回错误信息
this.$message.error("添加失败！");
} else {
this.$message.error(res.data.msg)
}
}).finally(() => {
this.getAll();
});
},
//主页列表查询
getAll() {
//发送ajax请求
axios.get("/books").then((res) => {
this.dataList = res.data.data;
});
},
//弹出编辑窗口
handleUpdate(row) {
//查询数据，根据id查询
console.log(row.id)
axios.get("/books/" + row.id).then((res) => {
//如果操作成功，关闭弹窗，刷新数据
if (20041 == res.data.code) {
//展示弹层，加载数据
this.formData = res.data.data;
this.dialogFormVisible4Edit = true;
} else {
this.$message.error(res.data.msg)
}
})
},
//编辑
update() {
//发送ajax请求
axios.put("/books", this.formData).then((res) => {
console.log(res.data)
//如果操作成功，关闭弹窗，刷新数据
if (20031 == res.data.code) {
this.dialogFormVisible4Edit = false;
this.$message.success("修改成功！");
} else if (20030 == res.data.code) {
//如果失败，返回错误信息
this.$message.error("修改失败！");
} else {
this.$message.error(res.data.msg)
}
}).finally(() => {
this.getAll();
});
},
//删除
handleDelete(row) {
//1.弹出提示框--提示信息，标题，具体操作
this.$confirm("此操作永久删除，是否继续？", "提示", {
type: 'info'
}).then(() => {
//2.做删除业务
axios.delete("/books/" + row.id).then(() => {
if (res.data.code == 20021) {
this.$message.success("删除成功！");
} else {
this.$message.error("删除失败！");
}
})
}).catch(() => {
//3.取消删除
this.$message.info("取消删除")
}).finally(() => {
this.getAll();
})
}
}
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