一、数据表介绍
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学生表
Student(SId,Sname,Sage,Ssex)
SId 学生编号,Sname 学生姓名,Sage 出生年月,Ssex 学生性别 -
课程表
Course(CId,Cname,TId)
CId 课程编号,Cname 课程名称,TId 教师编号 -
教师表
Teacher(TId,Tname)
TId 教师编号,Tname 教师姓名 -
成绩表
SC(SId,CId,score)
SId 学生编号,CId 课程编号,score 分数
二、插入数据
学生表 Student
create table Student(SId varchar(10),Sname varchar(10),Sage datetime,Ssex varchar(10));
insert into Student values('01' , '赵雷' , '1990-01-01' , '男');
insert into Student values('02' , '钱电' , '1990-12-21' , '男');
insert into Student values('03' , '孙风' , '1990-12-20' , '男');
insert into Student values('04' , '李云' , '1990-12-06' , '男');
insert into Student values('05' , '周梅' , '1991-12-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('06' , '吴兰' , '1992-01-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('07' , '郑竹' , '1989-01-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('09' , '张三' , '2017-12-20' , '女');
insert into Student values('10' , '李四' , '2017-12-25' , '女');
insert into Student values('11' , '李四' , '2012-06-06' , '女');
insert into Student values('12' , '赵六' , '2013-06-13' , '女');
insert into Student values('13' , '孙七' , '2014-06-01' , '女');
科目表 Course
create table Course(CId varchar(10),Cname nvarchar(10),TId varchar(10));
insert into Course values('01' , '语文' , '02');
insert into Course values('02' , '数学' , '01');
insert into Course values('03' , '英语' , '03');
教师表 Teacher
create table Teacher(TId varchar(10),Tname varchar(10));
insert into Teacher values('01' , '张三');
insert into Teacher values('02' , '李四');
insert into Teacher values('03' , '王五');
成绩表 SC
create table SC(SId varchar(10),CId varchar(10),score decimal(18,1));
insert into SC values('01' , '01' , 80);
insert into SC values('01' , '02' , 90);
insert into SC values('01' , '03' , 99);
insert into SC values('02' , '01' , 70);
insert into SC values('02' , '02' , 60);
insert into SC values('02' , '03' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '01' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '02' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '03' , 80);
insert into SC values('04' , '01' , 50);
insert into SC values('04' , '02' , 30);
insert into SC values('04' , '03' , 20);
insert into SC values('05' , '01' , 76);
insert into SC values('05' , '02' , 87);
insert into SC values('06' , '01' , 31);
insert into SC values('06' , '03' , 34);
insert into SC values('07' , '02' , 89);
insert into SC values('07' , '03' , 98);
三、练习题目
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查询" 01 “课程比” 02 "课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数
1.1 查询同时存在" 01 “课程和” 02 "课程的情况
1.2 查询存在" 01 “课程但可能不存在” 02 "课程的情况(不存在时显示为 null )
1.3 查询不存在" 01 “课程但存在” 02 "课程的情况
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查询平均成绩大于等于 60 分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩
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查询在 SC 表存在成绩的学生信息
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查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩(没成绩的显示为 null )
4.1 查有成绩的学生信息
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查询「李」姓老师的数量
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查询学过「张三」老师授课的同学的信息
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查询没有学全所有课程的同学的信息
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查询至少有一门课与学号为" 01 "的同学所学相同的同学的信息
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查询和" 01 "号的同学学习的课程 完全相同的其他同学的信息
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查询没学过"张三"老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名
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查询两门及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号,姓名及其平均成绩
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检索" 01 "课程分数小于 60,按分数降序排列的学生信息
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按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的所有课程的成绩以及平均成绩
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查询各科成绩最高分、最低分和平均分:以如下形式显示:课程 ID,课程 name,最高分,最低分,平均分,及格率,中等率,优良率,优秀率。及格为>=60,中等为:70-80,优良为:80-90,优秀为:>=90。要求输出课程号和选修人数,查询结果按人数降序排列,若人数相同,按课程号升序排列
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按各科成绩进行排序,并显示排名, Score 重复时保留名次空缺
15.1 按各科成绩进行排序,并显示排名, Score 重复时合并名次
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查询学生的总成绩,并进行排名,总分重复时保留名次空缺
16.1 查询学生的总成绩,并进行排名,总分重复时不保留名次空缺
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统计各科成绩各分数段人数:课程编号,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[60-0] 及所占百分比
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查询各科成绩前三名的记录
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查询每门课程被选修的学生数
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查询出只选修两门课程的学生学号和姓名
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查询男生、女生人数
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查询名字中含有「风」字的学生信息
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查询同名同性学生名单,并统计同名人数
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查询 1990 年出生的学生名单
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查询每门课程的平均成绩,结果按平均成绩降序排列,平均成绩相同时,按课程编号升序排列
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查询平均成绩大于等于 85 的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩
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查询课程名称为「数学」,且分数低于 60 的学生姓名和分数
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查询所有学生的课程及分数情况(存在学生没成绩,没选课的情况)
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查询任何一门课程成绩在 70 分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数
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查询不及格的课程
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查询课程编号为 01 且课程成绩在 80 分以上的学生的学号和姓名
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求每门课程的学生人数
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成绩不重复,查询选修「张三」老师所授课程的学生中,成绩最高的学生信息及其成绩
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成绩有重复的情况下,查询选修「张三」老师所授课程的学生中,成绩最高的学生信息及其成绩
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查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学生编号、课程编号、学生成绩
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查询每门功成绩最好的前两名
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统计每门课程的学生选修人数(超过 5 人的课程才统计)。
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检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号
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查询选修了全部课程的学生信息
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查询各学生的年龄,只按年份来算
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按照出生日期来算,当前月日 < 出生年月的月日则,年龄减一
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查询本周过生日的学生
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查询下周过生日的学生
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查询本月过生日的学生
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查询下月过生日的学生
四、题目答案
1. 查询" 01 “课程比” 02 "课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数。因为需要全部的学生信息,则需要在sc表中得到符合条件的SId后与student表进行join,可以left join 也可以 right join
select * from student s right join (
select s1.SId, s1.score as score1, s2.score as score2 from
(select SId, score FROM sc where CId = 01) s1,
(select SId, score from sc where CId = 02) s2
where s1.score > s2.score and s1.SId = s2.SId) ss
on s.SId = ss.SId;
select * from (select t1.SId, class1, class2 from
(select SId, score as class1 from sc where sc.CId = '01')as t1,
(select SId, score as class2 from sc where sc.CId = '02')as t2
where t1.SId = t2.SId AND t1.class1 > t2.class2)r
left join student s
on r.SId = s.SId;
1.1 查询同时存在" 01 “课程和” 02 "课程的情况
select * from
(select * from sc where sc.CId = '01') as t1,
(select * from sc where sc.CId = '02') as t2
where t1.SId = t2.SId;
1.2 查询存在" 01 “课程但可能不存在” 02 "课程的情况(不存在时显示为 null )
select * from
(select * from sc where sc.CId = '01') as t1
left join
(select * from sc where sc.CId = '02') as t2
on t1.SId = t2.SId;
select * from
(select * from sc where sc.CId = '02') as t2
right join
(select * from sc where sc.CId = '01') as t1
on t1.SId = t2.SId;
1.3 查询不存在" 01 “课程但存在” 02 "课程的情况
select * from sc
where sc.SId not in (
select SId from sc
where sc.CId = '01'
)
AND sc.CId= '02';
2. 查询平均成绩大于等于 60 分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩。根据学生ID把成绩分组,对分组中的score求平均值,最后在选取结果中AVG大于60的即可
select student.SId,sname,ss from student,(
select SId, AVG(score) as ss from sc
GROUP BY SId
HAVING AVG(score)> 60
)r
where student.sid = r.sid;
select Student.SId, Student.Sname, r.ss from Student right join(
select SId, AVG(score) AS ss from sc
GROUP BY SId
HAVING AVG(score)> 60
)r on Student.SId = r.SId;
select s.SId,ss,Sname from(
select SId, AVG(score) as ss from sc
GROUP BY SId
HAVING AVG(score)> 60
)r left join
(select Student.SId, Student.Sname from
Student)s on s.SId = r.SId;
3. 查询在 SC 表存在成绩的学生信息
select * from student s where s.SId in
(select distinct SId from sc);
4. 查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的成绩总和。联合查询不显示没选课的学生
select s2.SId, s2.Sname, s3.counts, s3.sums from student s2 right join
(select s1.sid, count(CId) counts, sum(s1.score) sums from sc s1 group by s1.SId)s3
on s2.SId = s3.SId;
4.1 查有成绩的学生信息
select * from student where SId in
(select SId from sc);
select * from student
where exists (select sc.sid from sc where student.sid = sc.sid);
5. 查询「李」姓老师的数量
select count(TId) as nums from teacher where Tname like "李%";
6. 查询学过「张三」老师授课的同学的信息
select * from student where SId in (
select SId from sc where CId = (
select CId from course where TId = (
select TId from teacher where Tname = "张三")));
select student.* from teacher, course, student, sc where teacher.Tname="张三"
and course.TId=teacher.TId
and course.CId=sc.CId
and sc.SId=student.SId;
7. 查询没有学全所有课程的同学的信息
select * from student where SId in (
select s1.SId from sc s1 inner join (select CId from sc where SId = 1) s2
on s1.CId = s2.CId and s1.SId != 1 group by SId);
select * from student where SId in (
select sid from sc group by SId having count(*) < (
select count(*) from course
));
8. 查询至少有一门课与学号为" 01 "的同学所学相同的同学的信息
select s1.* from student s1,
(select s1.SId from sc s1 inner join (select CId from sc where SId = 1) s2
on s1.CId = s2.CId and s1.SId != 1 group by SId) s3
where s1.SId=s3.SId;
select * from student where SId in (
select s1.SId from sc s1 inner join (select CId from sc where SId = 1) s2
on s1.CId = s2.CId and s1.SId != 1 group by SId);
9. 查询和" 01 "号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学的信息
10. 查询没学过"张三"老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名
select * from student where student.SId not in(
select sc.SId from sc where CId in (
select course.cid from course where TId in (
select teacher.TId from teacher where Tname = '张三')));
select * from student where student.SId not in(
select s2.SId from teacher t1, course c1, sc s2
where t1.Tname = '张三' and t1.TId = c1.TId and c1.CId = s2.CId);
11. 查询两门及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号,姓名及其平均成绩
思路: 这里可以转换成先把不及格的课程得到, 然后统计两门及其以上的课程数量
select s1.SId, s1.Sname, avg(s2.score)
from student as s1, sc as s2
where s1.SId = s2.SId and s2.score<60
group by s1.SId
having count(s2.CId) >1;
12. 检索" 01 "课程分数小于 60,按分数降序排列的学生信息
select * from student s2
where s2.SId in (
select s1.SId from sc s1
where s1.CId = 01 and s1.score < 60 order by s1.score desc);
select * from student s1, sc s2
where s1.SId = s2.SId and s2.CId = 01 and s2.score < 60
order by s2.score desc;
13. 按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的所有课程的成绩以及平均成绩
select s2.*, s3.* from sc s2,
(select s1.SId, avg(s1.score) as avgs from sc s1 group by s1.SId) s3
where s2.SId = s3.SId order by s3.avgs desc;
select * from sc s1 left join (
select s2.SId, avg(s2.score) avgs from sc s2 group by s2.SId) s3
on s1.SId = s3.SId order by avgs desc;