三小时学会flask web后端框架——电影模块，session的设置使用和删除，message的使用，请求扩展

1.安装视频电影模块

1.mkvirtualenv -p python3 movie
2.workon
3.workon movie
4.pip install flask_redis  

2.session的设置删除和使用

from flask import Flask,session
app=Flask(__name__)
app.secret_key='afsdsafjsdfhajdsafsa6666'
app.debug=True
@app.route('/',methods=['GET','POST'])
def index():
    session['name']='sxq'
    return 'hello'
@app.route('/delete', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def delete():
    session.pop('name')
    return '删除了'
@app.route('/order', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def order():
    print(session['name'])
    return 'order' 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    print(app.config)
    app.run()

3.闪现（message）放在了session里

from flask import Flask, request, make_response, session, flash, get_flashed_messages

app=Flask(__name__)
app.secret_key='fsaffdafsfadfaf'
app.debug=True

@app.route('/index', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def index():
    flash('sxq-nb')  #放置在某个位置
    return 'hello'

@app.route('/order', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def order():
    res=get_flashed_messages()
    print(res)
    return '6666'#从某个位置取出来

if __name__ == '__main__':
    print(app.config)
    app.run()

-设置:flash('aaa')
-取值：get_flashed_message()
-
-假设在a页面操作出错，跳转到b页面，在b页面显示a页面的错误信息

• 实例

from flask import Flask,flash,get_flashed_messages,request,redirect

app = Flask(__name__)
app.secret_key = 'asdfasdf'


@app.route('/index')
def index():
    # 从某个地方获取设置过的所有值，并清除。
    val = request.args.get('v')
    if val == 'oldboy':
        return 'Hello World!'
    flash('超时错误',category="x1")
    return "ssdsdsdfsd"
    # return redirect('/error')


@app.route('/error')
def error():
    """
    展示错误信息
    :return:
    如果get_flashed_messages(with_category=True)
    """
    data = get_flashed_messages(category_filter=['x1'])
    if data:
        msg = data[0]
    else:
        msg = "..."
    return "错误信息：%s" %(msg,)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

• 常用的方法

from flask import Flask, request, make_response, session, flash, get_flashed_messages

app=Flask(__name__)
app.secret_key='fsaffdafsfadfaf'
app.debug=True

@app.route('/index', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def index():
    #flash('sxq-nb')  #放置在某个位置
    flash('sxqNB',category='error1')
    return 'hello'

@app.route('/order', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def order():
    #res=get_flashed_messages()
    res = get_flashed_messages(category_filter=['error'])
    print(res)
    return '6666'#从某个位置取出来

@app.route('/order2', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def order2():
    #res=get_flashed_messages()
    res = get_flashed_messages(category_filter=['error1'])
    print(res)
    return 'sxq6666'#从某个位置取出来

if __name__ == '__main__':
    print(app.config)
    app.run()

4.session的使用

from flask import Flask,session

app = Flask(__name__)
app.secret_key = 'fsaffdafsfadfaf'
app.debug = True

#请求来了就会触发
@app.before_request
def defore(*args,**kwargs):
    print(args)
    print(kwargs)
    print('请求来了执行我')

@app.route('/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def index():
    return 'hello'

if __name__ == '__main__':
    print(app.config)
    app.run()

---

5.请求扩展

from flask import Flask,session,request,redirect

app = Flask(__name__)
app.secret_key = 'fsaffdafsfadfaf'
app.debug = True

#请求来了就会触发，类似于dgango的process_request
@app.before_request
def before(*args,**kwargs):
    # print(args)
    # print(kwargs)
    # print('请求来了执行我')
    if request.path=='/login':
        return None
    else:
        name=session.get('user')
        if not name:
            return redirect('/login')
        else:
            return None

@app.before_request
def before2(*args,**kwargs):
    print('before222222222')


@app.after_request
def after(response):
    print('我走了')
    return response


@app.route('/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def login():
    session['user']='sxq'
    return 'hello'

@app.route('/order', methods=['GET'])
def order():
    print('我是order')
    return '我是order页面'

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

• 若有多个before从上向下的打印顺序
• 若有多个after从下向上的打印顺序

6.错误页面处理，绑定错误的状态码

@app.errorhandler(500)
def error_500(arg):
    return render_template('error.html',message='505错误')

@app.errorhandler(404)
def error_404(arg):
    return render_template('error.html',message='404错误')

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Error</title>
</head>
<body>
{{message}}
</body>
</html>

7.全局标签

#全局标签
@app.template_global()
def sb(a1, a2):
    return a1 + a2
#{{sb(1,2)}}

8.全局过滤器

@app.template_filter()
def db(a1, a2, a3):
    return a1 + a2 + a3
#{{ 1|db(2,3)}}