1 、 struct 和 class 区别:
struct:默认权限为共有
class: 默认权限为私有
2 、 友元
友元的目的就是让一个函数或者类 访问另一个类中私有成员
友元的关键字:friend
友元的三种实现:
全局函数做友元:
class Building
{
//goodgay 全局函数是 Building好朋友,可以访问Building中私有成员
friend void goodGay(Building *buillding);
public:
Building()
{
m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
m_BedRoom = "卧室";
}
public:
string m_SittingRoom; //客厅
private:
string m_BedRoom; //卧室
};
//全局函数
void goodGay(Building *buillding)
{
cout << "好基友全局函数 正在访问:" << buillding->m_SittingRoom << endl;
cout << "好基友全局函数 正在访问:" << buillding->m_BedRoom << endl;
}
int main()
{
Building building;
goodGay(&building);
system("pause");
return 0;
}
类做友元:
//建筑物类
class Building
{
//goodgay 全局函数是 Building好朋友,可以访问Building中私有成员
friend void goodGay(Building *buillding);
public:
Building()
{
m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
m_BedRoom = "卧室";
}
public:
string m_SittingRoom; //客厅
private:
string m_BedRoom; //卧室
};
//全局函数
void goodGay(Building *buillding)
{
cout << "好基友全局函数 正在访问:" << buillding->m_SittingRoom << endl;
cout << "好基友全局函数 正在访问:" << buillding->m_BedRoom << endl;
}
int main()
{
Building building;
goodGay(&building);
system("pause");
return 0;
}
成员函数做友元:
class Building;
class GoodGay
{
public:
GoodGay();
void visit(); //让visit函数可以访问Building中的私有成员
void visit2(); //让visit函数不可以访问Building中的私有成员
Building * building;
};
class Building
{
friend void GoodGay::visit();
public:
Building();
public:
string m_SittingRoom;
private:
string m_BedRoom;
};
//类外实现成员函数
Building::Building()
{
m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
m_BedRoom = "卧室";
}
GoodGay::GoodGay()
{
building = new Building;
}
void GoodGay::visit()
{
cout << "visit正在访问:" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
cout << "visit正在访问:" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;
}
void GoodGay::visit2()
{
cout << "visit2正在访问:" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
//cout << "visit2正在访问:" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;
}
int main()
{
GoodGay gg;
gg.visit();
gg.visit2();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
3、继承
继承
语法: class 子类 : 继承方式 父类
子类 也称为 派生类
父类 也称为 基类
父类中的公共权限 子类可以访问
父类中的保护权限 子可以访问
父类中的私有权限 子类访问不到