Spring+SpringMVC+Mybatis
用于记录学习过程。
SSM框架
SSM框架是spring MVC ,Spring和Mybatis框架的整合。
层
SSM框架分为实体层,持久层,业务层,表现层/控制层,View层。
实体层(entity层 / model层)
- 实体层用于存放我们的实体类,与数据库中的属性值基本保持一致,实现set和get的方法。
- 数据库在项目中的类,主要用于定义与数据库对象应的属性,提供get/set方法,tostring方法,有参无参构造函数。
Category.java
package com.how2java.pojo; public class Category { private int id; private String name; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } @Override public String toString() { return "Category [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]"; } }
持久层(mapper层):DAO层
Mybatis
- dao层(接口类)对数据库进行数据持久化操作,他的方法语句是直接针对数据库操作的,主要实现一些增删改查操作,在Mybatis中方法主要与与xxxDao(Mapper).xml内相互一一映射。
- Mybatis可以用.xml进行数据操作,也可以在dao层用注解的方式,也可以采取xml和dao层接口组合使用的方法(常用)。
- 与数据库交互,dao层首先会创建dao接口,接着就可以在配置文件中定义该接口的实现类
CategoryMapper接口
package com.how2java.mapper; import java.util.List; import com.how2java.pojo.Category; public interface CategoryMapper { public int add(Category category); public void delete(int id); public Category get(int id); public int update(Category category); public List<Category> list(); public int count(); }
Category.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.how2java.mapper.CategoryMapper"> <insert id="add" parameterType="Category" > insert into category_ ( name ) values (#{name}) </insert> <delete id="delete" parameterType="Category" > delete from category_ where id= #{id} </delete> <select id="get" parameterType="_int" resultType="Category"> select * from category_ where id= #{id} </select> <update id="update" parameterType="Category" > update category_ set name=#{name} where id=#{id} </update> <select id="list" resultType="Category"> select * from category_ </select> </mapper>
业务层(Service层)
- 控制业务,业务模块的逻辑应用设计,和dao层一样都是先设计接口,再创建要实现的类,然后在配置文件中进行配置其实现的关联。
- service层(接口类)为controller层的类提供接口进行调用,一般就是自己写的方法封装起来,具体实现在serviceImpl中。
- service层是建立在dao层之上的,建立了dao层后才可以建立service层,而service层又是在controller层之下的,因而service层应该既调用dao层的接口,又要提供接口给Controller层的类来进行调用,它刚好处于一个中间层的位置。每个模型都有一个service接口,每个接口分别封装各自的业务处理方法。
CategoryService接口
package com.how2java.service; import java.util.List; import com.how2java.pojo.Category; public interface CategoryService { List<Category> list(); }
CategoryServiceImpl(实现service层,整合service和dao)(导入dao层)(接口实现类)
package com.how2java.service.impl; import java.util.List; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import com.how2java.mapper.CategoryMapper; import com.how2java.pojo.Category; import com.how2java.service.CategoryService; @Service public class CategoryServiceImpl implements CategoryService{ @Autowired CategoryMapper categoryMapper; public List<Category> list(){ return categoryMapper.list(); } }
控制层/表示层(Controller层)
SpringMVC
- controller层主要调用Service层里面的接口控制具体的业务流程,控制的配置也要在配置文件中进行。
- Controller和Service的区别是:Controller负责具体的业务模块流程的控制;Service层负责业务模块的逻辑应用设计
- 负责具体模块的业务流程控制(获取参数(前端传过来)返回响应(前端或数据库或一个指定路径)),需要调用service逻辑设计层的接口来控制业务流程(导入service层)
CategoryController.java
package com.how2java.controller; import java.util.List; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import com.how2java.pojo.Category; import com.how2java.service.CategoryService; // 告诉spring mvc这是一个控制器类 @Controller @RequestMapping("") public class CategoryController { @Autowired CategoryService categoryService; @RequestMapping("listCategory") public ModelAndView listCategory(){ ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView(); List<Category> cs= categoryService.list(); // 放入转发参数 mav.addObject("cs", cs); // 放入jsp路径 mav.setViewName("listCategory"); return mav; } }
View层
遍历CategoryController传递过来的集合数据。
listCategory.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" import="java.util.*"%> <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%> <table align='center' border='1' cellspacing='0'> <tr> <td>id</td> <td>name</td> </tr> <c:forEach items="${cs}" var="c" varStatus="st"> <tr> <td>${c.id}</td> <td>${c.name}</td> </tr> </c:forEach> </table>
配置文件
web.xml
这个web.xml有两个作用:
-
通过ContextLoaderListener在web app启动的时候,获取contextConfigLocation配置文件的文件名applicationContext.xml,并进行Spring相关初始化工作
-
有任何访问,都被DispatcherServlet所拦截,这就是Spring MVC那套工作机制了。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5">
<!-- spring的配置文件-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- spring mvc核心:分发servlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- spring mvc的配置文件 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springMVC.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
applicationContext.xml
这是Spring的配置文件,其作用
- 通过注解,将Service的生命周期纳入Spring的管理
<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.how2java.service" />
- 配置数据源
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
- 扫描存放SQL语句的Category.xml
<bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
- 扫描Mapper,并将其生命周期纳入Spring的管理
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.how2java.service" />
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName">
<value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
</property>
<property name="url">
<value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/how2java?characterEncoding=UTF-8</value>
</property>
<property name="username">
<value>root</value>
</property>
<property name="password">
<value>admin</value>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.how2java.pojo" />
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/how2java/mapper/*.xml"/>
</bean>
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.how2java.mapper"/>
</bean>
</beans>
springMVC.xml
- 扫描Controller,并将其生命周期纳入Spring管理
<context:annotation-config/>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.how2java.controller">
<context:include-filter type="annotation"
expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
- 注解驱动,以使得访问路径与方法的匹配可以通过注解配置
<mvc:annotation-driven />
- 静态页面,如html,css,js,images可以访问
<mvc:default-servlet-handler />
- 视图定位到/WEB/INF/jsp 这个目录下
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass"
value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">
<context:annotation-config/>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.how2java.controller">
<context:include-filter type="annotation"
expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<mvc:default-servlet-handler />
<!-- 视图定位 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass"
value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>