定制属性的访问

定制属性访问的方法(增,删,改,查)

查:

• hasattr(对象," 属性名 " ) 返回布尔值

• getattr(对象," 属性名 " ) 有则返回 值 ,无则报错

• 对象.__ getattibute __(" 属性名 " ) 有则返回 值 ,无则报错

• **hasattr()**例子:

class A:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age


a = A("人类", 100)
b = hasattr(a, "name")    #有该属性
c = hasattr(a, "sex")     #无该属性
print(b)
print(c)

结果:

True
False

• **getattr()**例子

class A:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age


a = A("人类", 100)
b = getattr(a, "name")
print(b)

结果:

人类

class A:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age


a = A("人类", 100)
b = getattr(a, "sex")
print(b)

结果:

AttributeError: 'A' object has no attribute 'sex'

• 对象.getattribute()

class A:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age


a = A("人类", 100)
b = a.__getattribute__("name")
print(b)

b = a.__getattribute__("sex")
print(b)

结果:

人类
AttributeError: 'A' object has no attribute 'sex'

增,改

(有则改之,无则加勉)

• 对象.属性名 = 值
• setattr(对象," 属性名 ",目的修改值)
• **对象.__ setattr __(“属性名”, ** 目的修改值)

1.

class A:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age


a = A("人类", 100)
# 对象.属性名  改
a.name = "女娲"
print(a.name)
# 对象.属性名  增
a.sex = "女性"
print(a.sex)

结果:

女娲
女性

2.

class A:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age


a = A("人类", 100)
# setattr()  改
setattr(a, "name", "女娲")
print(a.name)
# setattr()  增
setattr(a, "sex", "女性")
print(a.sex)

结果:

女娲
女性

3.

class A:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age


a = A("人类", 100)
# setattr()  改
a.__setattr__("name", "女娲")
print(a.name)
# setattr()  增
a.__setattr__("sex", "女性")
print(a.sex)

结果:

女娲
女性

删

• delattr(对象, “属性名”)
• 对象.__ delattr __( “属性名”)

class A:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age


a = A("人类", 100)
a.__setattr__("name", "女娲")
a.__setattr__("sex", "女性")
delattr(a, "name")
a.__delattr__("sex")

print(a.name)
print(a.sex)

AttributeError: 'A' object has no attribute 'name'
AttributeError: 'A' object has no attribute 'sex'