线程池几个变量的理解与运算

在ThreadPoolExecutor中的几个重要变量

基础变量 COUNT_BITS、CAPACITY
COUNT_BITS = 29
这是最基础的值，线程池内部维护的五个状态值和CAPACITY都是通过COUNT_BITS移位来计算的

private static final int COUNT_BITS = Integer.SIZE - 3;//29
private static final int CAPACITY   = (1 << COUNT_BITS) - 1;//(1<<29)-1=536870911
    
private static final int RUNNING    = -1 << COUNT_BITS;//(-1<<29)=-536870912
private static final int SHUTDOWN   =  0 << COUNT_BITS;//(0<<29)=0
private static final int STOP       =  1 << COUNT_BITS;// (1<<29)=536870912
private static final int TIDYING    =  2 << COUNT_BITS;//(2<<29)=1073741824
private static final int TERMINATED =  3 << COUNT_BITS;//(3<<29)=1610612736

变量名      32位二进制补码                        真值
CAPACITY   00011111111111111111111111111111    536870911
~CAPACITY  11100000000000000000000000000000    -536870912
RUNNING    11100000000000000000000000000000    -536870912
SHUTDOWN   00000000000000000000000000000000    0
STOP       00100000000000000000000000000000    536870912
TIDYING    01000000000000000000000000000000    1073741824
TERMINATED 01100000000000000000000000000000    1610612736

CAPACITY = (1 << COUNT_BITS) - 1 （十进制）
= (1 << 29) - 1 （十进制）
= 536,870,911 （十进制）
= 0001 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 （二进制补码）
线程池使用一个复合变量ctl来同时表示线程池的运行状态和工作的线程数

private final AtomicInteger ctl = new AtomicInteger(ctlOf(RUNNING, 0));

所以 & CAPACITY 可以保留后29位的二进制数
& ~CAPACITY可以保留前3位的二进制数
分别用于计算前3位：线程池的运行状态以及后29位：线程池中工作的线程数

private static int runStateOf(int c)     { return c & ~CAPACITY; }
private static int workerCountOf(int c)  { return c & CAPACITY; }

ctl的初始化方法

private static int ctlOf(int rs, int wc) { return rs | wc; }

判断线程池是否在运行的方法isRunning（）

private static boolean isRunning(int c) {
    return c < SHUTDOWN;
}

因为SHUTDOWN状态为0，只有RUNNING状态比它小