python基础：统计小说词频

题目要求：用Python统计小说中各单词出现的频次，并按频次由高到低排序。

读取文件

f = open('C:/Users/dell/Desktop/散文.txt','r')
txt = f.read(100)
f.close()
print(txt)

f = open('C:/Users/dell/Desktop/散文.txt','r')
txt_lines = f.readlines()#换行符
f.close()
print(txt_lines)

统计txt中单词的频次

import re
f = open('C:/Users/dell/Desktop/散文.txt','r')
txt = f.read(1000)
f.close()
txt = txt.lower()
txt = re.sub('[,.?:"\'!-]',  ' ', txt)
word = txt.split()  #先用正则表达式做预处理再进行分割因为正则和lower（）都是对字符串进行处理而非列表
print(txt)
print(word)

词频统计

words_fre = {}
for i in word:
    if i not in words_fre.keys():
        words_fre[i] = 1
    else:
        words_fre[i] += 1
print(words_fre)

词频排序

sorted(words_fre.items(),key = xxx，revers = True)#把字典中所有的键值对取出并进行排序的声明