JAVA抽象类

抽象类不能实例化对象，所以抽象类必须被继承才能被使用。

抽象类

/* 文件名 : Salary.java */
public class Salary extends Employee
{
   private double salary; //Annual salary
   public Salary(String name, String address, int number, double
      salary)
   {
       super(name, address, number);
       setSalary(salary);
   }
   public void mailCheck()
   {
       System.out.println("Within mailCheck of Salary class ");
       System.out.println("Mailing check to " + getName()
       + " with salary " + salary);
   }
   public double getSalary()
   {
       return salary;
   }
   public void setSalary(double newSalary)
   {
       if(newSalary >= 0.0)
       {
          salary = newSalary;
       }
   }
   public double computePay()
   {
      System.out.println("Computing salary pay for " + getName());
      return salary/52;
   }
}

/* 文件名 : AbstractDemo.java */
public class AbstractDemo
{
   public static void main(String [] args)
   {
      Salary s = new Salary("Mohd Mohtashim", "Ambehta, UP", 3, 3600.00);
      Employee e = new Salary("John Adams", "Boston, MA", 2, 2400.00);
 
      System.out.println("Call mailCheck using Salary reference --");
      s.mailCheck();
 
      System.out.println("\n Call mailCheck using Employee reference--");
      e.mailCheck();
    }
}

抽象方法

在父类生命抽象方法，在子类中具体实现。

Abstract声明一个抽象方法，抽象方法只包含一个方法名而没有方法体。

public abstract class Employee
{
   private String name;
   private String address;
   private int number;
   
   public abstract double computePay();
   
   //其余代码
}

如果一个类包含抽象方法，那么该类必须是抽象类。
任何子类必须重写父类的抽象方法，或者声明自身为抽象类。

/* 文件名 : Salary.java */
public class Salary extends Employee
{
   private double salary; // Annual salary
  
   public double computePay()
   {
      System.out.println("Computing salary pay for " + getName());
      return salary/52;
   }
 
   //其余代码
}