【Android】Exam5 ListView组件简单应用

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分类专栏： Android 文章标签： android java android studio

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_52148779/article/details/130685609

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Exam5 ListView组件简单应用

ListView组件简单应用

Exam5 ListView组件简单应用

目的

掌握常用的UI布局及组件；
掌握使用Intent启动Activity的方法
掌握ListView组件的简单应用

实验内容及实验步骤

采用ListView+数据适配器实现下图所示的美食图文列表功能，需求如下：
1、采用图文列表界面，每行显示一个美食信息，包括图片、名称、描述三项信息，名称及描述文字采用合适的字号及颜色。
2、点击列表中的一行，打开美食详情页面显示该行的美食信息详情
3、分别使用SimpleAdapter及自定义Adapter实现

采用SimpleAdapter

MainActivity.java**

package com.example.test;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.media.Image;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    List<Map<String,Object>> list;
    ListView listviewFoods;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        listviewFoods = findViewById(R.id.listViewFoods);

        final String[] name = new String[]{"小笼包子","北京烤鸭"};
        final String[] message =  new String[]
                {"小笼包，本称小笼馒头 [7]  ，是中国著名的汉族传统面点小吃 [6]  ，最早出现于清代同治年间的江苏省常州府一带",
                "北京烤鸭是具有世界声誉的北京著名菜，起源于中国南北朝时期"

        };
        final String[] desc = new String[]{"香喷喷","非常美味"};
        final int[] photo = new int[]{R.drawable.foods1,R.drawable.foods_2};



            list = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();
            for(int i=0;i< name.length;i++)
            {
                Map<String,Object> map1 = new HashMap<String,Object>();
                map1.put("desc",desc[i]);
                map1.put("imgId",photo[i]);
                map1.put("title",name[i]);

                list.add(map1);
            }



        SimpleAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(this,list,R.layout.foods_item,new String[]{"title","imgId","desc"},new int[]{
                R.id.textViewTitle,R.id.imageView,R.id.textViewDesc
        });

        listviewFoods.setAdapter(adapter);

        listviewFoods.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> adapterView, View view, int i, long l) {
//                String title = list.get(i).get("title").toString();
//                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, title, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
                    bundle.putString("message",message[i]);
                  Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,MainActivity2.class);
                  intent.putExtras(bundle);
                  Log.i("message",message[i]);
          				startActivity(intent);

            }
        });
    }




}

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/listViewFoods"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

MainActivity2.java

package com.example.test;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity2 extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main2);

        Bundle bundle = getIntent().getExtras();
        String message = bundle.getString("message");
        TextView textView = findViewById(R.id.textView3);
        textView.setText(message);
    }
}

activity_main2.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity2">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView3"
        android:layout_width="330dp"
        android:layout_height="147dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="125dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="125dp"
        android:text="TextView"
        android:textSize="20sp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.502"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/listViewFoods"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

activity_main2.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity2">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView3"
        android:layout_width="330dp"
        android:layout_height="147dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="125dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="125dp"
        android:text="TextView"
        android:textSize="20sp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.502"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.448" />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

foods_item.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView"
        android:layout_width="435dp"
        android:layout_height="182dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        tools:srcCompat="@tools:sample/avatars[0]" />

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:orientation="vertical">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textViewTitle"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="58dp"
            android:text="TextView"
            android:textSize="20sp" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textViewDesc"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="69dp"
            android:text="TextView"
            android:textSize="20sp" />
    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

自定义Adapter

FoodsAdapter.java

package com.example.test2;

import android.content.Context;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.TextView;


import java.util.List;

public class FoodsAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
    private Context context;
    private ListView listView;
    private List<FoodsInfo> goodsList;

    public FoodsAdapter(Context context, ListView listView) {
        this.context = context;
        this.listView = listView;
    }

    public void setData(List<FoodsInfo> data){
        goodsList = data;
        //this.notifyDataSetChanged();
        //listView.setSelection(listView.getSelectedItemPosition());
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return goodsList.size();
    }

    @Override
    public Object getItem(int position) {
        return null;
 }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        convertView = View.inflate(context, R.layout.foods_item,null);
        ViewHolder viewHolder = new ViewHolder(convertView);
        FoodsInfo foodsInfo = goodsList.get(position);
        viewHolder.img.setImageResource(foodsInfo.getImgId());
        viewHolder.title.setText(foodsInfo.getTitle());
        viewHolder.desc.setText(foodsInfo.getDesc());
        return convertView;
    }

    static class ViewHolder {
        View baseView;
        TextView title;
        TextView desc;
        ImageView img;

        public ViewHolder(View itemView) {
            this.baseView = itemView;
            this.title = (TextView) baseView.findViewById(R.id.textViewTitle);
            this.desc = (TextView) baseView.findViewById(R.id.textViewDesc);
            this.img = (ImageView)baseView.findViewById(R.id.imageView);
        }
    }
}

FoodsInfo.java

package com.example.test2;

public class FoodsInfo {
    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }

    public void setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
  }

    public int getImgId() {
        return imgId;
    }

    public void setImgId(int imgId) {
        this.imgId = imgId;
    }

    private String title;
    private  int imgId;

    public String getDesc() {
        return desc;
    }

    public void setDesc(String desc) {
        this.desc = desc;
    }

    private String desc;

}

MainActivity.java

package com.example.test2;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ListView;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    List<FoodsInfo> list;
 ListView listView;



    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        listView=findViewById(R.id.listfood);


        final String[] name = new String[]{"小笼包子","北京烤鸭"};
        final String[] message =  new String[]
                {"小笼包，本称小笼馒头 [7]  ，是中国著名的汉族传统面点小吃 [6]  ，最早出现于清代同治年间的江苏省常州府一带",
                        "北京烤鸭是具有世界声誉的北京著名菜，起源于中国南北朝时期"

                };
        final String[] desc = new String[]{"香喷喷","非常美味"};
        final int[] photo = new int[]{R.drawable.foods1,R.drawable.foods_2};

        list=new ArrayList<FoodsInfo>();
        for(int i=0;i< name.length;i++)
        {
            FoodsInfo foodsInfo = new FoodsInfo();
            foodsInfo.setTitle(name[i]);
            foodsInfo.setDesc(desc[i]);
            foodsInfo.setImgId(photo[i]);
            list.add(foodsInfo);
        }

        FoodsAdapter adapter =new FoodsAdapter(this,listView);
        adapter.setData(list);

        listView.setAdapter(adapter);

        listView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> adapterView, View view, int i, long l) {
                Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
                bundle.putString("message",message[i]);
                Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,MainActivity2.class);
                intent.putExtras(bundle);
                Log.i("message",message[i]);
                startActivity(intent);
            }
        });




    }



    }

MainActivity2.java

package com.example.test2;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity2 extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main2);

        Bundle bundle = getIntent().getExtras();
        int id = bundle.getInt("photo");
        String message = bundle.getString("message");
        TextView textView = findViewById(R.id.textView);
        textView.setText(message);
    }
}

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/listViewFoods"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/listfood"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

activity_main2.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity2">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView"
        android:layout_width="317dp"
        android:layout_height="225dp"
        android:text="TextView"
        android:textSize="20sp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.393"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.369" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

Foods_item.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView"
        android:layout_width="277dp"
        android:layout_height="175dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        tools:srcCompat="@tools:sample/avatars" />

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:orientation="vertical">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textViewTitle"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="85dp"
            android:text="TextView"
            android:textSize="20sp" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textViewDesc"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="94dp"
            android:text="TextView"
            android:textSize="20sp" />
    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

运行及结果：

在这里插入图片描述

实验总结

(1)SimpleAdapter实现图文ListView：
1、使用步骤。
定义一个集合来存放ListView中item的内容；
定义一个item的布局文件；
创建一个 SimpleAdapter 对象；
通过ListView的setAdapter()
方法绑定 SimpleAdapter
(2)BaseAdapter自定义适配器实现ListView：
1、使用步骤
定义一个集合来存放ListView中item的内容；
定义一个item的布局文件；
定义一个继承了BaseAdapter的子类MyAdapter，重写未实现的方法；（定义ViewHolder,重写getView()方法）
通过ListView的setAdapter()方法绑定自定义的MyAdapter对象。
(3)注意写入存储数据和输出数据的代码顺序，要先写存，再输出，不然会出现空指针错误。
（4）取数据数组长度使用.length方法，注意没有括号
（5）Bundle的作用主要时用于传递数据。Bundle传递的数据包括：string、int、boolean、byte、float、long、double等基本类型或它们对应的数组，也可以是对象或对象数组。当Bundle传递的是对象或对象数组时，必须实现Serialiable或Parcelable接口。
Bundle所保存的数据是以key-value(键值对)的形式保存在ArrayMap中

//把Bundle容器中的数据放到Intent中
intent.putExtras(bundle);
Intent intent = getIntent();
 //从Intent中取出Bundle
 Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
 //获取FunPerson里的数据数据

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【Android】Exam5 ListView组件简单应用

return 0;} } }"小笼包子" , "北京烤鸭" };"小笼包，本称小笼馒头 [7] ，是中国著名的汉族传统面点小吃 [6] ，最早出现于清代同治年间的江苏省常州府一带" , "北京烤鸭是具有世界声誉的北京著名菜，起源于中国南北朝时期" };"香喷喷" , "非常美味" };} }} }
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