输入捕获溢出问题(蓝桥杯f103为例)

问题陈述：

stv3.5的标准输入捕获例程没有设置cnt寄存器的配置导致捕获低频出现问题

如图设置捕获500Hz,实际显示5569，因为cnt溢出了

频率测量原理：

捕获上升沿进入中断，用第二次进入中断捕获的cnt值 减去 第一次进入中断捕获的cnt值，得到一个周期内的计数值（若第一次上升沿cnt<第二次上升沿cnt,则用最大cnt（65536）+第二次cnt-第一次上升沿cnt），每次计数加一的时间由时钟和分频系数决定，TIM3时钟频率为72MHz,分频系数为0时，计数0-65535，最长时间为65536/72000000=0.9102ms,以测量1000Hz为例，两次上升沿间隔1ms,计数72000个是一个周期，例如第一次上升沿cnt=100，则第二次cnt=100+72000-65536=6564,频率72000000/（6564-100）=10,968.9显然不对。

void TIM3_capture(void)
{
	TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef  TIM_TimeBaseStructure;
	TIM_ICInitTypeDef  TIM_ICInitStructure;
	GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
	NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
	
  RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM3, ENABLE);

  /* GPIOA and GPIOB clock enable */
  RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
	
	TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = 65535;//最长周期65535/72 000 000,约为0.94ms
	TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 0;//没有分频
	TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0;
	TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up;
	TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM3, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure);

	
  TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_Channel = TIM_Channel_2;
  TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICPolarity = TIM_ICPolarity_Rising;
  TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICSelection = TIM_ICSelection_DirectTI;
  TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICPrescaler = TIM_ICPSC_DIV1;
  TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICFilter = 0x0;

  TIM_ICInit(TIM3, &TIM_ICInitStructure);
	

  /* Enable the TIM3 global Interrupt */
  NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = TIM3_IRQn;
  NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;
  NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;
  NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
  NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

  /* TIM3 channel 2 pin (PA.07) configuration */
  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin =  GPIO_Pin_7;
  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;

  GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
  
  /* TIM enable counter */
  TIM_Cmd(TIM3, ENABLE);

  /* Enable the CC2 Interrupt Request */
  TIM_ITConfig(TIM3, TIM_IT_CC2, ENABLE);

}

void TIM3_IRQHandler(void)
{ 
  if(TIM_GetITStatus(TIM3, TIM_IT_CC2) == SET) 
  {
    /* Clear TIM3 Capture compare interrupt pending bit */
    TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM3, TIM_IT_CC2);
    if(CaptureNumber == 0)
    {
      /* Get the Input Capture value */
      IC3ReadValue1 = TIM_GetCapture2(TIM3);
      CaptureNumber = 1;
    }
    else if(CaptureNumber == 1)
    {
      /* Get the Input Capture value */
      IC3ReadValue2 = TIM_GetCapture2(TIM3); 
      
      /* Capture computation */
      if (IC3ReadValue2 > IC3ReadValue1)
      {
        Capture = (IC3ReadValue2 - IC3ReadValue1); 
      }
      else
      {
        Capture = ((0xFFFF - IC3ReadValue1) + IC3ReadValue2); 
      }
      /* Frequency computation */ 
      TIM3Freq = (uint32_t) SystemCoreClock / Capture;
      CaptureNumber = 0;
    }
  }
}

解决办法：

输入捕获要考虑cnt寄存器的设置问题

72分频，使得测量低频时不会溢出

void TIM3_capture(void)
{
	TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef  TIM_TimeBaseStructure;
	TIM_ICInitTypeDef  TIM_ICInitStructure;
	GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
	NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
	
  RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM3, ENABLE);

  /* GPIOA and GPIOB clock enable */
  RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
	
	TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = 65535;//最长周期65535/1 000 000,约为0.065s
	TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 71;//72分频，每次计数1/1000000s
	TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0;
	TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up;
	TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM3, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure);

	
  TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_Channel = TIM_Channel_2;
  TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICPolarity = TIM_ICPolarity_Rising;
  TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICSelection = TIM_ICSelection_DirectTI;
  TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICPrescaler = TIM_ICPSC_DIV1;
  TIM_ICInitStructure.TIM_ICFilter = 0x0;

  TIM_ICInit(TIM3, &TIM_ICInitStructure);
	

  /* Enable the TIM3 global Interrupt */
  NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = TIM3_IRQn;
  NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;
  NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;
  NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
  NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

  /* TIM3 channel 2 pin (PA.07) configuration */
  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin =  GPIO_Pin_7;
  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;

  GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
  
  /* TIM enable counter */
  TIM_Cmd(TIM3, ENABLE);

  /* Enable the CC2 Interrupt Request */
  TIM_ITConfig(TIM3, TIM_IT_CC2, ENABLE);

}

__IO uint16_t IC3ReadValue1 = 0, IC3ReadValue2 = 0;
__IO uint16_t CaptureNumber = 0;
__IO uint32_t Capture = 0;
__IO uint32_t TIM3Freq = 0;


void TIM3_IRQHandler(void)
{ 
  if(TIM_GetITStatus(TIM3, TIM_IT_CC2) == SET) 
  {
    /* Clear TIM3 Capture compare interrupt pending bit */
    TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM3, TIM_IT_CC2);
    if(CaptureNumber == 0)
    {
      /* Get the Input Capture value */
      IC3ReadValue1 = TIM_GetCapture2(TIM3);
      CaptureNumber = 1;
    }
    else if(CaptureNumber == 1)
    {
      /* Get the Input Capture value */
      IC3ReadValue2 = TIM_GetCapture2(TIM3); 
      
      /* Capture computation */
      if (IC3ReadValue2 > IC3ReadValue1)
      {
        Capture = (IC3ReadValue2 - IC3ReadValue1); 
      }
      else
      {
        Capture = ((0xFFFF - IC3ReadValue1) + IC3ReadValue2); 
      }
      /* Frequency computation */ 
      TIM3Freq = (uint32_t) SystemCoreClock/72 / Capture;
      CaptureNumber = 0;
    }
  }
}