什么都不会的学习之路——IO

IO

输入流InputStream 输出流OutputStream

文件：硬盘上的文件 txt docx 电影 图片

本章的核心：通过IO来操作文件

File

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

public class demo03File {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //File:文件/目录/不存在的文件或目录
        File file = new File("hello.txt");

        System.out.println("相对路径"+file.getPath());
        System.out.println("绝对路径"+file.getAbsolutePath());
        System.out.println("文件名称"+file.getName());
        System.out.println("文件大小"+file.length());

        File fi = new File("d:/web");

        System.out.println(file.isFile()==true?"文件":"非文件");
        System.out.println(fi.isDirectory()==true?"目录":"非目录");

        boolean flag = file.exists();//是否存在
        try{
            if (flag) {
                file.delete();
                System.out.println("删除成功");
                //彻底删除（不过回收站）
            }else{
                file.createNewFile();
                System.out.println("创建成功");
            }
        }catch(IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

相对路径/绝对路径：

1. 如果File(“绝对路径”)：getPath()和getAbsolutePath()的结果一致，打印的都是绝对路径
2. 如果File(“相对路径”)：getPath()打印相对路径 getAbsolutePath()打印绝对路径

字节流

输入流InputStream

            InputStream in = new FileInputStream(new File("d://abc.txt"));
            System.out.println(in.available());//长度
            byte []buf = new byte[in.available()];//内存
            in.read(buf);//流入内存
            System.out.println(new String(buf));//转为String类型
            in.close();//关闭
        }

输出流 OutputStream

        OutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream("d://xyz.txt");
        outputStream.write("helloworld".getBytes());
        outputStream.close();

复制

        FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream("d:/abc.txt");
        FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("d:/xyz.txt");
        byte []buf = new byte[10];//缓冲区为byte
        int len = -1;
        while((len=in.read(buf))!=-1){//边读边写
            out.write(buf,0,len);//注意尾巴
        }
        if(out!=null)
            out.close();
        if(in!=null)
        in.close();

字符流

Reader/Writer

Reader reader = new FileReader("d:/abc.txt");
        Writer writer = new FileWriter("d:/xyz.txt");
        char[] buf = new char[4];//缓冲区为char
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        int len = -1;
        while((len=reader.read(buf))!=-1){
            sb.append(buf,0,len);
        }
        System.out.println(sb);
        String content = sb.toString();
        content = content.replace("{name}","葛文婧")
                  .replace("{school}","内蒙古农业大学")
                  .replace("{123456}","15147484415");
        writer.write(content);
        writer.close();
        reader.close();

自带缓冲区的字符流

BufferReader/BufferWrite 自带缓冲区 不需要定义

带缓冲区的字符流 对象 = new 带缓冲区的字符流（字符流）

close原则：

​ 1.先关出再关入

​ 2.先关外再关内

        Reader reader = new FileReader("d:/abc.txt");
        Writer writer = new FileWriter("d:/xyz.txt");
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(reader);
        BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(writer);

        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        String line = null;
        while((line= br.readLine())!=null){
            sb.append(line);
        }
        System.out.println(sb);

        String content = sb.toString();
        content = content.replace("{name}","葛文婧")
                  .replace("{school}","内蒙古农业大学")
                  .replace("{123456}","15147484415");
        bw.write(content);
        bw.close();
        br.close();
        writer.close();
        reader.close();

二进制流

DataInputStream/DataOutStream

二进制流 对象 = new 二进制流（字节流）

FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream("javaClass/src/IO/abc.txt");
        InputStream datainput = new DataInputStream(in);
        FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("javaClass/src/IO/xyz.txt");
        OutputStream dataout = new DataOutputStream(out);

        byte []buy = new byte[10];
        int len = -1;
        while((len=datainput.read(buy))!=-1){
            dataout.write(buy,0,len);
        }
        dataout.close();
        datainput.close();
        out.close();
        in.close();

atainput.read(buy))!=-1){
dataout.write(buy,0,len);
}
dataout.close();
datainput.close();
out.close();
in.close();