41，查找算法find_if

功能描述：

按条件查找元素

函数原型：
find_if(iterator beg,iterator end,_Pred);

//按值查找元素，找到返回指定位置迭代器，找不到返回结束迭代器位置

//beg 开始迭代器

//end 结束迭代器

//_Pred 函数或者谓词（返回bool类型的仿函数）

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
//查找内置数据类型
class GreaterFive
{
public:
    bool operator()(int val)
    {
        return val > 5;
    }
};
void test01()
{
    vector<int>v;
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
    {
        v.push_back(i);
    }
    vector<int>::iterator it = find_if(v.begin(), v.end(), GreaterFive());
    if (it == v.end())
    {
        cout << "没有找到" << endl;
    }
    else
    {
        cout << "找到大于5d的数：" << *it << endl;
    }
}

//查找自定义数据类型
class Person
{
public:
    Person(string name,int age)
    {
        this->m_Name = name;
        this->m_Age = age;
    }

    string m_Name;
    int m_Age;
};
class Greater2
{
public:
    bool operator()(Person &p)
    {
        return p.m_Age > 20;
    }
};
void test02()
{
    vector<Person>p;
    Person p1("张三",10);
    Person p2("李四",20);
    Person p3("王五",30);
    Person p4("赵六",40);
    p.push_back(p1);
    p.push_back(p2);
    p.push_back(p3);
    p.push_back(p4);
    vector<Person>::iterator it = find_if(p.begin(), p.end(), Greater2());
    if (it == p.end())
    {
        cout << "没找到" << endl;
    }
    else
    {
        cout << "找到姓名：" << it->m_Name << " 年龄：" << it->m_Age << endl;
    }
}
int main()
{
    test01();
    test02();
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}