ServletContext学习笔记

一、基本概念

Servlet上下文又叫做：ServletContext。

当WEB服务器启动时，会为每一个WEB应用程序(webapps下的每个目录就是一个应用程序)创建一块共享的存储区域。

ServletContext也叫做“公共区域”，也就是同一个WEB应用程序中，所有的Servlet和JSP都可以共享同一个区域。

ServletContext在WEB服务器启动时创建，服务器关闭时销毁。

二、对象方法

凡是域对象都有如下3个方法：

 

域对象方法

setAttribute(name,value);name是String类型，value是Object类型；	往域对象里面添加数据，添加时以key-value形式添加
getAttribute(name)	根据指定的key读取域对象里面的数据
removeAttribute(name);	根据指定的key从域对象里面删除数据

三、代码块

1通过setAttibute来设置contextl里面的内容来实现共享

ublic class HelloServelet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//        super.doGet(req, resp);
        ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
        String num = "haha";
        servletContext.setAttribute("zz", num);
        System.out.println("jsjdiasdj");
    }
}

public class getServelet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//        super.doGet(req, resp);
        ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
        String zz2 = (String)servletContext.getAttribute("zz");
        resp.setContentType("text/html");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.getWriter().print(zz2);

    }
}

 2通过param模块可以添加url路径然后调用来访问

    <context-param>
        <param-name>url</param-name>
        <param-value>JDBC:mysql://localhost:3306//mybitas</param-value>
    </context-param>
public class ServeletDomo3 extends HelloServelet{
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
        String url = servletContext.getInitParameter("url");
        System.out.println(url);
        resp.getWriter().print(url);

    }
}

3转发

public class serveleDemo4 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
        //转发的请求路径
        RequestDispatcher lala11 = servletContext.getRequestDispatcher("/lala11");
        //forward函数的作用注意一下
        lala11.forward(req, resp);
    }
}

 

 4读取资源（一般都是相对路径 服务器很难去拿到绝对的路径）

public class ServeletDemo5 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//这里的路径是映射后的路径 直接就是/WEB代表的是当前的目录下面
        InputStream resourceAsStream = this.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream("/WEB-INF/classes/db.properties");
        Properties properties = new Properties();
//读取的时候只有这一种方式 根据流来读
        properties.load(resourceAsStream);
        String username = properties.getProperty("username");
        String number = properties.getProperty("number");
        resp.getWriter().print(username);
        resp.getWriter().print(number);
    }
}