原本flask起的服务只能在http访问，而https不行
做了以下配置之后可以用https访问了
下载snapd
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install snapd下载apache
$ sudo apt-get install apache2下载certbot
$ sudo apt-get remove certbot
$ sudo snap install --classic certbot
$ sudo ln -s /snap/bin/certbot /usr/bin/certbot配置 Let's Encrypt 证书
$ sudo certbot --apache --apache-server-root /etc/apache2
另外一种方式配置 Let's Encrypt 证书
engage@engage-project-vm:/etc/apache2/sites-available$ sudo openssl req -new -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout engage.key -out engage.csr
Generating a RSA private key
............................+++++
........+++++
writing new private key to 'engage.key'
-----
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:
Locality Name (eg, city) []:
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:engage-2023.com
Email Address []:
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:
An optional company name []:
engage@engage-project-vm:/etc/apache2/sites-available$ ls
000-default-le-ssl.conf 000-default.conf default-ssl.conf engage.csr engage.key使用新生成的CSR运行Certbot命令
engage@engage-project-vm:/etc/apache2/sites-available$ sudo certbot certonly --csr engage.csr
Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log
How would you like to authenticate with the ACME CA?
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
1: Apache Web Server plugin (apache)
2: Runs an HTTP server locally which serves the necessary validation files under
the /.well-known/acme-challenge/ request path. Suitable if there is no HTTP
server already running. HTTP challenge only (wildcards not supported).
(standalone)
3: Saves the necessary validation files to a .well-known/acme-challenge/
directory within the nominated webroot path. A seperate HTTP server must be
running and serving files from the webroot path. HTTP challenge only (wildcards
not supported). (webroot)
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Select the appropriate number [1-3] then [enter] (press 'c' to cancel): 1
Requesting a certificate for engage-2023.com
Successfully received certificate.
Certificate is saved at: /etc/apache2/sites-available/0000_cert.pem
Intermediate CA chain is saved at: /etc/apache2/sites-available/0000_chain.pem
Full certificate chain is saved at: /etc/apache2/sites-available/0001_chain.pem
This certificate expires on 2023-11-14.
NEXT STEPS:
- Certificates created using --csr will not be renewed automatically by Certbot. You will need to renew the certificate before it expires, by running the same Certbot command again.
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
If you like Certbot, please consider supporting our work by:
* Donating to ISRG / Let's Encrypt: https://letsencrypt.org/donate
* Donating to EFF: https://eff.org/donate-le
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -000-default-le-ssl.conf: Let's Encrypt为默认站点自动生成的SSL配置文件。000-default.conf: Apache的默认站点配置文件。0000_cert.pem: 最近从Let's Encrypt获取的证书。0000_chain.pem: 与的证书相关的中间证书链。0001_chain.pem: 完整的证书链，包括证书和中间证书。default-ssl.conf: Apache默认的SSL虚拟主机配置文件模板。engage.csr: 之前生成的证书签名请求（CSR）。engage.key: 与CSR关联的私钥。
engage@engage-project-vm:/etc/apache2/sites-available$ ls
000-default-le-ssl.conf 000-default.conf 0000_cert.pem 0000_chain.pem 0001_chain.pem default-ssl.conf engage.csr engage.key# 000-default-le-ssl.conf
<IfModule mod_ssl.c>
<VirtualHost *:443>
# The ServerName directive sets the request scheme, hostname and port that
# the server uses to identify itself. This is used when creating
# redirection URLs. In the context of virtual hosts, the ServerName
# specifies what hostname must appear in the request's Host: header to
# match this virtual host. For the default virtual host (this file) this
# value is not decisive as it is used as a last resort host regardless.
# However, you must set it for any further virtual host explicitly.
#ServerName www.example.com
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
DocumentRoot /var/www/html
# Available loglevels: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn,
# error, crit, alert, emerg.
# It is also possible to configure the loglevel for particular
# modules, e.g.
#LogLevel info ssl:warn
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
# For most configuration files from conf-available/, which are
# enabled or disabled at a global level, it is possible to
# include a line for only one particular virtual host. For example the
# following line enables the CGI configuration for this host only
# after it has been globally disabled with "a2disconf".
#Include conf-available/serve-cgi-bin.conf
ServerName engage-2023.com
SSLProtocol TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3
SSLCertificateFile /etc/apache2/sites-available/0000_cert.pem
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/apache2/sites-available/engage.key
SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/apache2/sites-available/0001_chain.pem
# SSLCertificateFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/engage-2023.com/fullchain.pem
# SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/engage-2023.com/privkey.pem
Include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-apache.conf
Alias /static/ "/home/engage/github_projects/socket/backend/static/"
<Directory "/home/engage/github_projects/socket/backend/static/">
Options +FollowSymlinks
Require all granted
</Directory>
ProxyPass /videos http://127.0.0.1:80/videos
ProxyPassReverse /videos http://127.0.0.1:80/videos
ProxyPass /video http://127.0.0.1:80/video
ProxyPassReverse /video http://127.0.0.1:80/video
ProxyPass /barrage http://127.0.0.1:5001/barrage
ProxyPassReverse /barrage http://127.0.0.1:5001/barrage
</VirtualHost>
</IfModule>进入配置文件目录
$ cd /etc/apache2/sites-available/
$ ls
000-default-le-ssl.conf 000-default.conf default-ssl.conf添加路由代理
# 000-default-le-ssl.conf
<IfModule mod_ssl.c>
<VirtualHost *:443>
# The ServerName directive sets the request scheme, hostname and port that
# the server uses to identify itself. This is used when creating
# redirection URLs. In the context of virtual hosts, the ServerName
# specifies what hostname must appear in the request's Host: header to
# match this virtual host. For the default virtual host (this file) this
# value is not decisive as it is used as a last resort host regardless.
# However, you must set it for any further virtual host explicitly.
#ServerName www.example.com
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
DocumentRoot /var/www/html
# Available loglevels: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn,
# error, crit, alert, emerg.
# It is also possible to configure the loglevel for particular
# modules, e.g.
#LogLevel info ssl:warn
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
# For most configuration files from conf-available/, which are
# enabled or disabled at a global level, it is possible to
# include a line for only one particular virtual host. For example the
# following line enables the CGI configuration for this host only
# after it has been globally disabled with "a2disconf".
#Include conf-available/serve-cgi-bin.conf
ServerName engage-2023.com
SSLCertificateFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/engage-2023.com/fullchain.pem
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/engage-2023.com/privkey.pem
Include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-apache.conf
Alias /static/ "/home/engage/github_projects/socket/backend/static/"
<Directory "/home/engage/github_projects/socket/backend/static/">
Options +FollowSymlinks
Require all granted
</Directory>
ProxyPass /videos http://127.0.0.1:80/videos
ProxyPassReverse /videos http://127.0.0.1:80/videos
ProxyPass /video http://127.0.0.1:80/video
ProxyPassReverse /video http://127.0.0.1:80/video
ProxyPass /barrage http://127.0.0.1:5001/barrage
ProxyPassReverse /barrage http://127.0.0.1:5001/barrage
</VirtualHost>
</IfModule>apache2端口配置在8080
# 000-default.conf
<VirtualHost *:8080>
# The ServerName directive sets the request scheme, hostname and port that
# the server uses to identify itself. This is used when creating
# redirection URLs. In the context of virtual hosts, the ServerName
# specifies what hostname must appear in the request's Host: header to
# match this virtual host. For the default virtual host (this file) this
# value is not decisive as it is used as a last resort host regardless.
# However, you must set it for any further virtual host explicitly.
#ServerName www.example.com
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
DocumentRoot /var/www/html
# Available loglevels: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn,
# error, crit, alert, emerg.
# It is also possible to configure the loglevel for particular
# modules, e.g.
#LogLevel info ssl:warn
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
# For most configuration files from conf-available/, which are
# enabled or disabled at a global level, it is possible to
# include a line for only one particular virtual host. For example the
# following line enables the CGI configuration for this host only
# after it has been globally disabled with "a2disconf".
#Include conf-available/serve-cgi-bin.conf
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{SERVER_NAME} =engage-2023.com
RewriteRule ^ https://%{SERVER_NAME}%{REQUEST_URI} [END,NE,R=permanent]
</VirtualHost>
# vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet配置 TLS 各个版本支持
# default-ssl.conf
<IfModule mod_ssl.c>
<VirtualHost _default_:443>
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
DocumentRoot /var/www/html
# Available loglevels: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn,
# error, crit, alert, emerg.
# It is also possible to configure the loglevel for particular
# modules, e.g.
#LogLevel info ssl:warn
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
# For most configuration files from conf-available/, which are
# enabled or disabled at a global level, it is possible to
# include a line for only one particular virtual host. For example the
# following line enables the CGI configuration for this host only
# after it has been globally disabled with "a2disconf".
#Include conf-available/serve-cgi-bin.conf
# SSL Engine Switch:
# Enable/Disable SSL for this virtual host.
SSLEngine on
SSLEngine +TLS1.0 +TLS1.1 +TLS1.2 +TLS1.3
# A self-signed (snakeoil) certificate can be created by installing
# the ssl-cert package. See
# /usr/share/doc/apache2/README.Debian.gz for more info.
# If both key and certificate are stored in the same file, only the
# SSLCertificateFile directive is needed.
SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key
# Server Certificate Chain:
# Point SSLCertificateChainFile at a file containing the
# concatenation of PEM encoded CA certificates which form the
# certificate chain for the server certificate. Alternatively
# the referenced file can be the same as SSLCertificateFile
# when the CA certificates are directly appended to the server
# certificate for convinience.
#SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/apache2/ssl.crt/server-ca.crt
# Certificate Authority (CA):
# Set the CA certificate verification path where to find CA
# certificates for client authentication or alternatively one
# huge file containing all of them (file must be PEM encoded)
# Note: Inside SSLCACertificatePath you need hash symlinks
# to point to the certificate files. Use the provided
# Makefile to update the hash symlinks after changes.
#SSLCACertificatePath /etc/ssl/certs/
#SSLCACertificateFile /etc/apache2/ssl.crt/ca-bundle.crt
# Certificate Revocation Lists (CRL):
# Set the CA revocation path where to find CA CRLs for client
# authentication or alternatively one huge file containing all
# of them (file must be PEM encoded)
# Note: Inside SSLCARevocationPath you need hash symlinks
# to point to the certificate files. Use the provided
# Makefile to update the hash symlinks after changes.
#SSLCARevocationPath /etc/apache2/ssl.crl/
#SSLCARevocationFile /etc/apache2/ssl.crl/ca-bundle.crl
# Client Authentication (Type):
# Client certificate verification type and depth. Types are
# none, optional, require and optional_no_ca. Depth is a
# number which specifies how deeply to verify the certificate
# issuer chain before deciding the certificate is not valid.
#SSLVerifyClient require
#SSLVerifyDepth 10
# SSL Engine Options:
# Set various options for the SSL engine.
# o FakeBasicAuth:
# Translate the client X.509 into a Basic Authorisation. This means that
# the standard Auth/DBMAuth methods can be used for access control. The
# user name is the `one line' version of the client's X.509 certificate.
# Note that no password is obtained from the user. Every entry in the user
# file needs this password: `xxj31ZMTZzkVA'.
# o ExportCertData:
# This exports two additional environment variables: SSL_CLIENT_CERT and
# SSL_SERVER_CERT. These contain the PEM-encoded certificates of the
# server (always existing) and the client (only existing when client
# authentication is used). This can be used to import the certificates
# into CGI scripts.
# o StdEnvVars:
# This exports the standard SSL/TLS related `SSL_*' environment variables.
# Per default this exportation is switched off for performance reasons,
# because the extraction step is an expensive operation and is usually
# useless for serving static content. So one usually enables the
# exportation for CGI and SSI requests only.
# o OptRenegotiate:
# This enables optimized SSL connection renegotiation handling when SSL
# directives are used in per-directory context.
#SSLOptions +FakeBasicAuth +ExportCertData +StrictRequire
<FilesMatch "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$">
SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
</FilesMatch>
<Directory /usr/lib/cgi-bin>
SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
</Directory>
# SSL Protocol Adjustments:
# The safe and default but still SSL/TLS standard compliant shutdown
# approach is that mod_ssl sends the close notify alert but doesn't wait for
# the close notify alert from client. When you need a different shutdown
# approach you can use one of the following variables:
# o ssl-unclean-shutdown:
# This forces an unclean shutdown when the connection is closed, i.e. no
# SSL close notify alert is send or allowed to received. This violates
# the SSL/TLS standard but is needed for some brain-dead browsers. Use
# this when you receive I/O errors because of the standard approach where
# mod_ssl sends the close notify alert.
# o ssl-accurate-shutdown:
# This forces an accurate shutdown when the connection is closed, i.e. a
# SSL close notify alert is send and mod_ssl waits for the close notify
# alert of the client. This is 100% SSL/TLS standard compliant, but in
# practice often causes hanging connections with brain-dead browsers. Use
# this only for browsers where you know that their SSL implementation
# works correctly.
# Notice: Most problems of broken clients are also related to the HTTP
# keep-alive facility, so you usually additionally want to disable
# keep-alive for those clients, too. Use variable "nokeepalive" for this.
# Similarly, one has to force some clients to use HTTP/1.0 to workaround
# their broken HTTP/1.1 implementation. Use variables "downgrade-1.0" and
# "force-response-1.0" for this.
# BrowserMatch "MSIE [2-6]" \
# nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \
# downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0
</VirtualHost>
</IfModule>
# vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noethttps打开的默认页面软链接到自己服务器文件夹的页面文件
$ cd /var/www/html/
$ ll
total 24
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 15 09:50 ./
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Aug 15 06:32 ../
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 76 Aug 15 09:50 index.html -> /home/engage/github_projects/socket/backend/RESTful/templates/videolist.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10918 Aug 15 06:32 index.html.backupflask 源文件
# videolist.py
from flask import Flask, jsonify, abort,send_from_directory,render_template
from flask_cors import CORS,cross_origin
from flask import request
import json
app = Flask(__name__, static_folder='/home/engage/github_projects/socket/backend/static')
CORS(app)
@app.route('/videos', methods=['GET'])
@cross_origin()
def get_videos():
try:
with open('/home/engage/github_projects/socket/backend/RESTful/videos.json', 'r') as file:
data = json.load(file)
return jsonify(data)
except FileNotFoundError:
abort(404,description="video list file not found")
except json.JSONDecodeError:
abort(500,description="Error decoding file")
def get_video_url_by_vid(vid):
with open('/home/engage/github_projects/socket/backend/RESTful/videos.json', 'r') as file:
data = json.load(file)
for video in data["videos"]:
if video["vid"] == vid:
return video["url"]
return None
@app.route('/video')
@cross_origin()
def video_page():
vid = request.args.get('vid')
video_url = get_video_url_by_vid(vid)
if video_url is None:
abort(404, description="Video not found")
return render_template('video_page.html', video_url=video_url,vid=vid)
@app.route('/')
@cross_origin()
def video_list():
return render_template('videolist.html')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(host='0.0.0.0',port=80,debug=True)# barrage.py
from flask import Flask, jsonify, abort, request
from flask_cors import CORS, cross_origin
import json
app = Flask(__name__)
CORS(app)
BASE_PATH = '/home/engage/github_projects/socket/backend/static/movie'
@app.route('/barrage', methods=['GET'])
@cross_origin()
def manage_barrages():
# 获取查询参数vid的值
vid = request.args.get('vid')
# 确保vid是一个数字
if not vid or not vid.isdigit():
abort(400, description="Invalid vid parameter")
file_path = f"{BASE_PATH}{vid}/barrages.json"
try:
with open(file_path, 'r') as file:
data = json.load(file)
return jsonify(data)
except FileNotFoundError:
abort(404, description=f"Barrages file for movie{vid} not found")
except json.JSONDecodeError:
abort(500, description="Error decoding the barrages data")
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=5001, debug=True)服务执行命令
$ sudo nohup python3 videolist.py > videolist.log 2>&1 &
$ sudo nohup python3 barrage.py > barrage.log 2>&1 &
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