LeetCode树

LeetCode.树

LeetCode. 98

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    bool isValidBST(TreeNode* root) {
        return dfs(root, INT_MIN, INT_MAX);
    }
    // 当前节点的值应该在[minv, maxv]这个值之间,如果符合分别递归判断左右子节点并且分别更新这个区间,否则return false
    bool dfs(TreeNode *root, long long minv, long long maxv) {
        if(!root) return true;
        if(root->val < minv || root->val > maxv) return false;
        return dfs(root->left, minv, root->val - 1ll) && dfs(root->right, root->val + 1ll, maxv);
    }
};

LeetCode. 94 迭代法中序遍历二叉树

  1. 将整棵树的最左边一条链压入栈中;
  2. 每次取出栈顶元素,如果其有右子树,则将右子树压入栈中;
/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> inorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<int> ans;
        stack<TreeNode*> stk;

        auto p = root;
        while(p || stk.size()) {
            while(p) {
                stk.push(p);
                p = p->left;
            }
            p = stk.top();
            stk.pop();
            ans.push_back(p->val);
            p = p->right;
        }
        return ans;
    }
};

LeetCode. 1001 对称二叉树

递归:

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    bool isSymmetric(TreeNode* root) {
        if(!root) return true;
        return dfs(root->left, root->right);
    }
    bool dfs(TreeNode *p, TreeNode *q) {
        if(!p || !q) return !p && !q;

        return p->val == q->val && dfs(p->left, q->right) && dfs(p->right, q->left);
    }
};

迭代:

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    bool isSymmetric(TreeNode* root) {
        if(!root) return true;
        stack<TreeNode*> left, right;
        TreeNode *l = root->left, *r = root->right;

        while(l || r || left.size() || right.size()) {
            while(l && r) {
                left.push(l), l = l->left;
                right.push(r), r = r->right;
            }

            if(l || r) return false;
            l = left.top(), left.pop();
            r = right.top(), right.pop();
            if(l->val != r->val) return false;
            l = l->right, r = r->left;
        }
        return true;
    }
};

LeetCode. 105 根据前序队列和中序队列重建二叉树

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
    unordered_map<int, int> pos;
public:
    TreeNode* buildTree(vector<int>& preorder, vector<int>& inorder) {
        int n = preorder.size();
        for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            pos[inorder[i]] = i;
        }

        return dfs(preorder, inorder, 0, n-1, 0, n-1);
    }
    TreeNode* dfs(vector<int>& preorder, vector<int>& inorder, int pl, int pr, int il, int ir) {
        if(pl > pr) return nullptr;

        int val = preorder[pl]; // 根节点的值
        int k = pos[val]; // 根节点在中序遍历中的位置
        int len = k - il; // 左子树的长度
        TreeNode *root = new TreeNode(val);
        root->left = dfs(preorder, inorder, pl+1, pl+len, il, k-1);
        root->right = dfs(preorder, inorder, pl+len+1, pr, k+1, ir);
        return root;
    }
};

LeetCode. 102 二叉树的层序遍历

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    vector<vector<int>> levelOrder(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<vector<int>> ans;
        if(!root) return ans;

        queue<TreeNode*> q;
        q.push(root);
        int len;
        while(!q.empty()) {
            len = q.size();
            vector<int> level;
            for(int i = 0; i< len; ++i) {
                TreeNode* node = q.front();
                q.pop();
                if(node->left) q.push(node->left);
                if(node->right) q.push(node->right);
                level.push_back(node->val);
            }
            ans.push_back(level);
        }
        return ans;
    }
};

LeetCode. 236 二叉树的最近公共祖先

递归中需要做的:

  1. 如果以root为根的子树中包含p和q,则返回p和q的最近公共祖先;
  2. 如果以root为根的子树中只包含q,则返回q;
  3. 如果以root为根的子树中只包含p,则返回p;
  4. 如果以root为根的子树中都不包含,则返回nullptr;
/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    TreeNode* lowestCommonAncestor(TreeNode* root, TreeNode* p, TreeNode* q) {
        if(!root || root == p || root == q) return root;

        auto left = lowestCommonAncestor(root->left, p ,q);
        auto right = lowestCommonAncestor(root->right, p, q);

        if(!left) return right;
        if(!right) return left;

        return root;
    }
};

LeetCode. 543 二叉树的直径

枚举所有节点

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
    int ans = 0;
public:
    int diameterOfBinaryTree(TreeNode* root) {
        dfs(root);
        return ans;
    }
    int dfs(TreeNode *root) {
        if(!root) return 0;

        int left = dfs(root->left);
        int right = dfs(root->right);
        ans = max(ans, left+right);

        return max(left,right)+1;
    }
};

LeetCode. 124 二叉树的最大路径和

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
    int ans = INT_MIN;
public:
    int maxPathSum(TreeNode* root) {
        dfs(root);
        return ans;
    }
    // 返回的是权重的最大值
    int dfs(TreeNode* root) {
        if(!root) return 0;

        int left = dfs(root->left);
        int right = dfs(root->right);
        ans = max(ans, root->val + left + right);

        return max(0, root->val + max(0, max(left, right)));// 返回的时候,如果权重还没有0大,还不如不返回
    }
};

LeetCode. 173 二叉搜索树迭代器

迭代法中序遍历二叉树的思想

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
 * };
 */
class BSTIterator {
    stack<TreeNode*> stk;
public:
    BSTIterator(TreeNode* root) {
        while(root) {
            stk.push(root);
            root = root->left;
        }
    }
    
    int next() {
        TreeNode* node = stk.top();
        stk.pop();
        int tmp = node->val;
        node = node->right;
        while(node) {
            stk.push(node);
            node = node->left;
        }
        return tmp;
    }
    
    bool hasNext() {
        return !stk.empty();
    }
};

/**
 * Your BSTIterator object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * BSTIterator* obj = new BSTIterator(root);
 * int param_1 = obj->next();
 * bool param_2 = obj->hasNext();
 */

LeetCode. 297 二叉树的序列化与反序列化

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Codec {
public:

    // Encodes a tree to a single string.
    string serialize(TreeNode* root) {
        string res;
        dfs1(root, res);
        return res;
    }
    void dfs1(TreeNode* root, string &res) {
        if(!root) {
            res += "#,";
            return;
        }

        res += to_string(root->val) + ",";
        dfs1(root->left, res);
        dfs1(root->right, res);
    }

    // Decodes your encoded data to tree.
    TreeNode* deserialize(string data) {
        int u = 0;
        return dfs2(data, u);
    }
    TreeNode *dfs2(string& data, int &u) {
        if(data[u] == '#') {
            u += 2;
            return nullptr;
        }

        int t = 0;
        bool is_minus = false;
        if(data[u] == '-') {
            is_minus = true;
            ++u;
        }
        while(data[u] != ',') {
            t = t * 10 + data[u] - '0';
            ++u;
        }
        ++u;
        if(is_minus) t = -t;
        
        TreeNode *root = new TreeNode(t);
        root->left = dfs2(data, u);
        root->right = dfs2(data, u);

        return root;
    }
};

// Your Codec object will be instantiated and called as such:
// Codec ser, deser;
// TreeNode* ans = deser.deserialize(ser.serialize(root));

LeetCode. 106 从中序遍历和后序遍历序列构造二叉树

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
    int len;
    unordered_map<int, int> pos;
public:
    TreeNode* buildTree(vector<int>& inorder, vector<int>& postorder) {
        len = inorder.size() - 1;
        for(int i = 0; i <= len; ++i) {
            pos[inorder[i]] = i;
        }
        return dfs(inorder, postorder, 0, len, 0, len);
    }
    TreeNode* dfs(vector<int>& inorder, vector<int>& postorder, int il, int ir, int pl, int pr) {
        if(pl > pr) return nullptr;

        int num = postorder[pr];
        int index = pos[num];
        int length = ir - index;

        TreeNode* node = new TreeNode(num);
        node->right = dfs(inorder, postorder, index+1, ir, pr - length, pr - 1);
        node->left = dfs(inorder, postorder, il, index-1, pl, pr - length - 1);
        return node;
    }
};
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