lunix unix 网络编程 部分缩写解释 & 部分基础函数介绍

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Network Programming

socket 	: 		a form of file.For example, you can use the syscalls used on file descriptors, read() and write(), on socket descriptors.

inet			all nets using Inernet protocol : intranet + extranet + internet
AF				address family
PF				protocol family
sa				socket address
sockfd			file descriptor
backlog			the maxsize number of connection
inaddr_any		listen to all interfaces

// create a socket, return the sockfd (file decriptor)
int socket(int family, int type, int protocal);

// assign a local address to a socket
int bind(int sockfd, const struct sockaddr *myaddr, socklen_t addrlen);

// change the state of created socket from CLOSED to LISTEN, and define backlog
listen(int sockfd, int backlog);

// accept a connection on a socket, addrlen should be initialized, or return null
// return value error:-1 or a file decriptor for the accepted socket (from client)
int accept(int sockfd, const struct sockaddr* cliaddr, socklen_t *addrlen);

// 1.complete the binding necessary, 2.attempt to make a connection to another socket
int connect(int sockfd, const struct sockaddr *servaddr, socklen_t addrlen);

// read from or write to a file descriptor 
ssize_t read(int sockfd, const void *buf, size_t count);
ssize_t write(int sockfd, const void *buf, size_t count);

// host to network long/short
htonl(uint32_t hostlong);
htons(uint16_t hostshort);
// network to host long/short
ntohl(uint32_t netlong);
ntohs(uint16_t netshort);

// concert binary text to addr
char* inet_addr(int af, );

// convert IP addr from bi to string, from src, copied to buffer dst, 
char* inet_ntop(int af, const void *restrict src, char *restrict dst, socklen_t size);