6.基于Nginx部署LNMP

基于Nginx部署LNMP

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客户端发送静态页面请求，由nginx直接处理并响应

如果客户端发送动态页面请求，由location判断用户请求的URL路径，通过FastCGI接口转发到php服务器的php-fpm进程处理，处理完返回给nginx，再由nginx返回给客户端

安装Nginx

systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
setenforce 0

#安装依赖包

yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel gcc gcc-c++ make

#创建运行用户

useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

cd nginx-1.12.0/

./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_stub_status_module

make -j2
make install

##优化路径

ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/

##添加 Nginx 系统服务

vim /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service

[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target


chmod 754 /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start nginx.service
systemctl enable nginx.service
netstat -lntp | grep nginx

安装Mysql

##安装Mysql环境依赖包

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake

##创建运行用户

useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin  mysql

##编译安装
cd /opt
tar zxvf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz

cd /opt/mysql-5.7.20/

cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8  \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1


mkake -j2
make install

##修改mysql 配置文件

vim /etc/my.cnf


[client]
port = 3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character-set-server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve
max_connections=2048
default-storage-engine=INNODB
max_allowed_packet=16M
server-id = 1

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES

##更改mysql安装目录和配置文件的属主属组

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf

##设置路径环境变量

echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile	

source /etc/profile

##初始化数据库

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/

./mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

##添加mysqld系统服务

cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start mysqld.service
systemctl enable mysqld
netstat -anpt | grep 3306 

##修改mysql 的登录密码

mysqladmin -u root -p password "abc123"

##授权远程登录

mysql -u root -p

grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'abc123';

#授予root用户可以在所有终端远程登录，使用的密码是abc123，并对所有数据库和所有表有操作权限

show databases;	

安装PHP

php.ini 主配置文件
php-fpm.conf 进程服务配置文件
www.conf 扩展配置文件

#安装环境依赖包

yum -y install gd \
libjpeg libjpeg-devel \
libpng libpng-devel \
freetype freetype-devel \
libxml2 libxml2-devel \
zlib zlib-devel \
curl curl-devel \
openssl openssl-devel

##编译安装
cd /opt
tar jxvf php-7.1.10.tar.bz2

cd php-7.1.10


./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-mysqli \
--with-zlib \
--with-curl \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-openssl \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-xml \
--enable-session \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-pdo \
--enable-tokenizer \
--enable-zip

make -j2
make install

##路径优化

ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
ln -s /usr/local/php/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/

#调整主配置文件：


##复制配置文件
cp /opt/php-7.1.10/php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini	

vim /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini

--1170行--修改
##添加myswql的socket文件位置
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

--939行--取消注释，修改
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

php -m 					#验证安装的模块

#调整进程服务配置文件：

cd /usr/local/php/etc/

cp  php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf

vim php-fpm.conf

--17行--去掉";"注释
pid = run/php-fpm.pid

#调整扩展配置文件：

cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/

cp www.conf.default www.conf

vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

##23行和24行##
user = nginx
group = nginx

##36行##
listen = 192.168.242.67:9000

##62行##
listen.allowed_clients = 192.168.242.67

##设置系统管理

cd /opt/php-7.1.10/sapi/fpm

cp php-fpm.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart php-fpm.service

##配置 Nginx 支持 PHP 解析

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf


index index.html index.htm index.php


--65行--取消注释，修改
location ~ \.php$ {
	root           html;
	fastcgi_pass   192.168.242.67:9000;
	fastcgi_index  index.php;
	fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
    
	#将 /scripts 修改为nginx的工作目录
	
   #fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME 
   
   $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; 
   #$document_root 代表当前请求在root指令中指定的值
   
	include        fastcgi_params;
}

验证PHP 测试页

vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>

部署Discuz

unzip Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip  -d /opt/Dis

cd /opt/Dis/dir_SC_UTF8/
cp -r upload/ /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/

##调整论坛目录的权限：

cd /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/

chown -R nginx ./config/
chown -R nginx ./data/
chown -R nginx ./uc_client/
chown -R nginx ./uc_server/

##创建数据库

mysql -u root -p

create database bbs;
#创建一个数据库

grant all ON bbs.* to 'bbsuser'@'%' identified by 'admin123';

#把bbs数据库里面所有表的权限授予给bbsuser,并设置密码admin123

flush privileges;
#刷新数据库

show databases;


http://192.168.242.67/bbs/admin.php

部署wordpress

cp -r wordpress /usr/local/nginx/html

cd /usr/local/nginx/html

chown -R nginx wordpress/

##创建数据库

mysql -u root -p

create database word;
#创建一个数据库

grant all ON word.* to 'worduser'@'%' identified by 'admin123';

#把bbs数据库里面所有表的权限授予给bbsuser,并设置密码admin123

flush privileges;
#刷新数据库

show databases;

fpm参数优化

vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf 
pid = run/php-fpm.pid

vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

--96行--
pm = dynamic				#fpm进程启动方式，动态的

--107行--
pm.max_children=20			#fpm进程启动的最大进程数

--112行--
pm.start_servers = 5		#动态方式下启动时默认开启的进程数，在最小和最大之间

--117行--
pm.min_spare_servers = 2	#动态方式下最小空闲进程数

--122行--
pm.max_spare_servers = 8	#动态方式下最大空闲进程数


kill -USR2 `cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`			#重启php-fpm

netstat -anpt | grep 9000
ps -elf | grep php-fpm