Lost Cows
Description :
N (2 <= N <= 8,000) cows have unique brands in the range 1..N. In a spectacular display of poor judgment, they visited the neighborhood ‘watering hole’ and drank a few too many beers before dinner. When it was time to line up for their evening meal, they did not line up in the required ascending numerical order of their brands.
Regrettably, FJ does not have a way to sort them. Furthermore, he’s not very good at observing problems. Instead of writing down each cow’s brand, he determined a rather silly statistic: For each cow in line, he knows the number of cows that precede that cow in line that do, in fact, have smaller brands than that cow.
Given this data, tell FJ the exact ordering of the cows.
Input
* Line 1: A single integer, N
* Lines 2..N: These N-1 lines describe the number of cows that precede a given cow in line and have brands smaller than that cow. Of course, no cows precede the first cow in line, so she is not listed. Line 2 of the input describes the number of preceding cows whose brands are smaller than the cow in slot #2; line 3 describes the number of preceding cows whose brands are smaller than the cow in slot #3; and so on.
*
Output
* Lines 1..N: Each of the N lines of output tells the brand of a cow in line. Line #1 of the output tells the brand of the first cow in line; line 2 tells the brand of the second cow; and so on.
*
Sample Input
5
1
2
1
0
Sample Output :
2
4
5
3
1
题意:N头奶牛排队,它们的身高为1~n,知道每头牛前面有多少头比自己矮,求每头牛的身高。
暴力解法:
/*
*@Author: GuoJinlong
*@Language: C++
*/
//#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<string>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
#include<map>
#include<vector>
#include<list>
#include<set>
#include<iomanip>
#include<cstring>
#include<cctype>
#include<cmath>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<ctime>
#include<cassert>
#include<sstream>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
const int mod=1e9+7;
typedef long long ll;
#define ls (p<<1)
#define rs (p<<1|1)
#define mid (l+r)/2
#define over(i,s,t) for(register long long i=s;i<=t;++i)
#define lver(i,t,s) for(register long long i=t;i>=s;--i)
const int MAXN = 305;
const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
const int N=5e4+7;
const int maxn=1e5+5;
const double EPS=1e-10;
const double Pi=3.1415926535897;
//inline double max(double a,double b){
// return a>b?a:b;
//}
//inline double min(double a,double b){
// return a<b?a:b;
//}
int xd[8] = {0, 1, 0, -1, 1, 1, -1, -1};
int yd[8] = {1, 0, -1, 0, -1, 1, -1, 1};
//void Fire(){
// queue<node> p;
// p.push({fx,fy,0});
// memset(fire, -1, sizeof(fire));
// fire[fx][fy]=0;
// while(!p.empty()){
// node temp=p.front();
// p.pop();
// for(int i=0;i<8;i++){
// int x=temp.x+xd[i];
// int y=temp.y+yd[i];
// if(x<0||x>=n||y<0||y>=m||fire[x][y]!=-1){
// continue;
// }
// fire[x][y]=temp.val+1;
// p.push({x,y,temp.val+1});
// }
// }
//}
//int bfs(){
// queue<node> p;
// memset(vis, 0, sizeof(vis));
// p.push({sx,sy,0});
// while (!p.empty()) {
// node temp=p.front();
// vis[temp.x][temp.y]=1;
// p.pop();
// for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
// int x=temp.x+xd[i];
// int y=temp.y+yd[i];
// if(x<0||x>=n||y<0||y>=m) continue;
// if(x==ex&&y==ey&&temp.val+1<=fire[x][y]) return temp.val+1;
// if(vis[x][y]||temp.val+1>=fire[x][y]||a[x][y]=='#') continue;
// p.push({x,y,temp.val+1});
// }
// }
// return -1;
//}
//一维哈希
//int n;
//string s;
//int bas=131;
//typedef unsigned long long ull;
//const ull mod1=100001651;
//ull a[100010];
//ull Hash(string s){
// ll ans=0;
// for(int i=0;i<s.size();i++){
// ans*=bas;
// ans+=int(s[i]);
// ans%=mod1;
// }
// return ans;
//}
//二维哈希
//using lom=unsigned long long ;
//const lom bas1=131,bas2=233;
//const int M=505;
//int n,m;
//char a[M][M];
//lom _hash[M][M];
//lom p1[M],p2[M];
//
//
//void init(){
// p1[0]=1;
// p2[0]=1;
// for(int i=1;i<=505;i++){
// p1[i]=p1[i-1]*bas1;
// p2[i]=p2[i-1]*bas2;
//
// }
//}
//void Hash(){
// _hash[0][0]=_hash[0][1]=_hash[1][0]=0;
// for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){ //前缀和
// for(int j=1;j<=m;j++){
// _hash[i][j]=_hash[i][j-1]*bas1+a[i][j]-'a';
// }
// }
// for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){ //二维前缀和
// for(int j=1;j<=m;j++){
// _hash[i][j]+=_hash[i-1][j]*bas2;
// }
// }
//
//}
int n;
int pre[10010];
int vis[100010];
int num[100010];
int main(){
cin>>n;
for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
cin>>pre[i];
}
int k=0;
for(int i=n-1;i>=0;i--){
k=0;
for(int j=1;j<=n;j++){
if(!vis[j]) k++;
if(k==pre[i]+1){
// cout<<j<<" ";
num[i]=j;
vis[j]=1;
break;
}
}
}
for(int i=0;i<n;i++ )
cout<<num[i]<<" ";
}
线段树解法
/*
*@Author: GuoJinlong
*@Language: C++
*/
//#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<string>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
#include<map>
#include<vector>
#include<list>
#include<set>
#include<iomanip>
#include<cstring>
#include<cctype>
#include<cmath>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<ctime>
#include<cassert>
#include<sstream>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
const int mod=1e9+7;
typedef long long ll;
#define ls (p<<1)
#define rs (p<<1|1)
#define mid (l+r)/2
#define over(i,s,t) for(register long long i=s;i<=t;++i)
#define lver(i,t,s) for(register long long i=t;i>=s;--i)
const int MAXN = 305;
const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
const int N=5e4+7;
const int maxn=1e5+5;
const double EPS=1e-10;
const double Pi=3.1415926535897;
//inline double max(double a,double b){
// return a>b?a:b;
//}
//inline double min(double a,double b){
// return a<b?a:b;
//}
int xd[8] = {0, 1, 0, -1, 1, 1, -1, -1};
int yd[8] = {1, 0, -1, 0, -1, 1, -1, 1};
//void Fire(){
// queue<node> p;
// p.push({fx,fy,0});
// memset(fire, -1, sizeof(fire));
// fire[fx][fy]=0;
// while(!p.empty()){
// node temp=p.front();
// p.pop();
// for(int i=0;i<8;i++){
// int x=temp.x+xd[i];
// int y=temp.y+yd[i];
// if(x<0||x>=n||y<0||y>=m||fire[x][y]!=-1){
// continue;
// }
// fire[x][y]=temp.val+1;
// p.push({x,y,temp.val+1});
// }
// }
//}
//int bfs(){
// queue<node> p;
// memset(vis, 0, sizeof(vis));
// p.push({sx,sy,0});
// while (!p.empty()) {
// node temp=p.front();
// vis[temp.x][temp.y]=1;
// p.pop();
// for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
// int x=temp.x+xd[i];
// int y=temp.y+yd[i];
// if(x<0||x>=n||y<0||y>=m) continue;
// if(x==ex&&y==ey&&temp.val+1<=fire[x][y]) return temp.val+1;
// if(vis[x][y]||temp.val+1>=fire[x][y]||a[x][y]=='#') continue;
// p.push({x,y,temp.val+1});
// }
// }
// return -1;
//}
//一维哈希
//int n;
//string s;
//int bas=131;
//typedef unsigned long long ull;
//const ull mod1=100001651;
//ull a[100010];
//ull Hash(string s){
// ll ans=0;
// for(int i=0;i<s.size();i++){
// ans*=bas;
// ans+=int(s[i]);
// ans%=mod1;
// }
// return ans;
//}
//二维哈希
//using lom=unsigned long long ;
//const lom bas1=131,bas2=233;
//const int M=505;
//int n,m;
//char a[M][M];
//lom _hash[M][M];
//lom p1[M],p2[M];
//
//
//void init(){
// p1[0]=1;
// p2[0]=1;
// for(int i=1;i<=505;i++){
// p1[i]=p1[i-1]*bas1;
// p2[i]=p2[i-1]*bas2;
//
// }
//}
//void Hash(){
// _hash[0][0]=_hash[0][1]=_hash[1][0]=0;
// for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){ //前缀和
// for(int j=1;j<=m;j++){
// _hash[i][j]=_hash[i][j-1]*bas1+a[i][j]-'a';
// }
// }
// for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){ //二维前缀和
// for(int j=1;j<=m;j++){
// _hash[i][j]+=_hash[i-1][j]*bas2;
// }
// }
//
//}
const int MAX=10000;
struct { //用结构体实现线段树
int l,r,len;
}tree[MAX*4];
int pre[MAX];
int ans[MAX];
void buildtree(int left,int right,int u){ //建树
tree[u].l=left;
tree[u].r=right;
tree[u].len=(right-left+1);
if(left==right)
return;
buildtree(left,(right+left)>>1, u<<1); //递归左子树
buildtree(((left+right)>>1)+1,right,(u<<1)+1); //递归右子树
}
int query(int u,int num){ //查询+维护,所求值为当前区间中左起第num个元素
tree[u].len--; //对访问到的区间维护len 把这个节点的牛的数量-1
if(tree[u].l==tree[u].r){
return tree[u].l;
}
if(tree[u<<1].len<num)//左区间牛的数量不够
return query((u<<1)+1, num-tree[u<<1].len);
if(tree[u<<1].len>=num)//左区间的数量够
return query(u<<1,num);
return 0;
}
int main(){
int n;
cin>>n;
for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) cin>>pre[i];
buildtree(1,n,1);
for(int i=n;i>=0;i--){
ans[i]=query(1,pre[i]+1);
}
for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
cout<<ans[i]<<" ";
}
}