RabbitMQ消费者ack

1.none

配置文件

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    listener:
      simple:
        acknowledge-mode: none # 关闭ack

 none：只要消息到达消费者，即使消费者宕机了，Spring依然直接返回ack到MQ，确认签收；MQ收到ack，会把队列中的消息删除，消息会丢失

2.手动ack

配置文件

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    listener:
      simple:
        acknowledge-mode: manual # 手动ack

@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
        value = @Queue(name = "direct.queue1"),
        exchange = @Exchange(name = "itcast.direct",type = ExchangeTypes.DIRECT),
        key = {"blue","red"}
))
public void directQueue1(String message, Channel channel, @Header(AmqpHeaders.DELIVERY_TAG)Long tag)  {
    log.info("direct.queue1收到的消息:{}",message);
    try {
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        //发生异常
        int i = 1/0;
        //手动ack
        channel.basicAck(tag,false);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        //e.printStackTrace();
        try {
            //手动ack，让消息重回队列，参数三表示是否重回队列
            channel.basicNack(tag,false,true);
        } catch (Exception e1) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

3.自动ack

配置文件

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    listener:
      simple:
        acknowledge-mode: auto# 自动ack

         retry:
          enabled: true  #开启消费者失败重试
          initial-interval: 2000  #初始的失败等待时长为2秒
          multiplier: 2  #失败的等待时长倍数，下次等待时长 = multiplier * last-interval
          max-attempts: 3   #最大重试次数
          stateless: true    #true无状态；false有状态。如果业务中包含事务，这里改为false

 当到达重试次数仍然失败：

处理方式一:

RejectAndDontRequeueRecoverer：重试耗尽后，直接reject，丢弃消息。默认就是这种方式

处理方式二:

ImmediateRequeueMessageRecoverer：重试耗尽后，返回nack，消息重新入队

处理方式三:

RepublishMessageRecoverer：重试耗尽后，将失败消息投递到指定的交换机

处理方式三的使用:

//消费者端，声明error交换机、队列和路由key

@Configuration
public class RabbitConfig {
    @Bean
    public Queue errorQueue(){
        return new Queue("error.queue");
    }

    @Bean
    public DirectExchange errorDirect(){
        return new DirectExchange("error.direct");
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding errorQueueDirect(Queue errorQueue,DirectExchange errorDirect){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(errorQueue).to(errorDirect).with("error");
    }

    @Bean
    //失败策略：重试次数耗尽后，会把消息投递到错误的队列，由错误队列去消费
    public MessageRecoverer publishMessageRecoverer(RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate){
        return new RepublishMessageRecoverer(rabbitTemplate,"error.direct","error");
    }
}

//监听

@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
        value = @Queue(name = "direct.queue1"),
        exchange = @Exchange(name = "itcast.direct", type = ExchangeTypes.DIRECT),
        key = {"blue", "red"}
))
public void directQueue1(String message, Channel channel, @Header(AmqpHeaders.DELIVERY_TAG) Long tag) throws InterruptedException {
    log.info("direct.queue1收到的消息:{}", message);

    int i = 1 / 0;
}


@RabbitListener(queues = "error.queue")
public void directErrorQueue(String messsage) {
    log.info("error.queue收到的消息" + messsage);
    //记录日志，后面人工干预，向运维人员不断法短信发邮件
}