springcloud微服务环境搭建

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-11 03:11:14 发布

湘M

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-11 03:11:14 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_57406300/article/details/132274423

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文章目录

微服务环境搭建

微服务环境搭建

我们本次是使用的电商项目中的商品、订单、用户为案例进行讲解。

案例准备

技术选型

maven：3.5.4
数据库：MySQL 5.7
持久层: SpingData Jpa/Mybatis-plus
其他: SpringCloud Alibaba 技术栈

模块设计

springcloud-shop父工程
shop-common 公共模块【实体类】
shop-user 用户微服务【端口: 807x】
shop-product 商品微服务【端口: 808x】
shop-order 订单微服务【端口: 809x】

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微服务调用

在微服务架构中，最常见的场景就是微服务之间的相互调用。我们以电商系统中常见的用户下单为
例来演示微服务的调用：客户向订单微服务发起一个下单的请求，在进行保存订单之前需要调用商品微
服务查询商品的信息。
我们一般把服务的主动调用方称为服务消费者，把服务的被调用方称为服务提供者。
在这种场景下，订单微服务就是一个服务消费者，商品微服务就是一个服务提供者。

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-QsyZN1QC-1691992214925)(springcloud_alibaba/15.png)]

创建父工程

创建一个maven工程，然后在pom.xml文件中添加下面内容

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.zking</groupId>
    <artifactId>springcloud-alibaba</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <!--依赖版本的锁定-->
   <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <spring-boot.version>2.3.2.RELEASE</spring-boot.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR9</spring-cloud.version>
        <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2.2.6.RELEASE</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!-- SpringBoot 依赖配置 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>

    </dependencyManagement>
</project>

版本对应：
在这里插入图片描述

创建基础模块

1 创建shop-common 模块，在pom.xml中添加依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springcloud-alibaba</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.zking</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>shop-common</artifactId>

    <!--依赖-->
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.56</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.44</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

2 创建实体类

//用户
@Entity(name = "shop_user")//实体类跟数据表的对应
@Data//不再去写set和get方法
public class User {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)//数据库自增
    private Integer uid;//主键
    private String username;//用户名
    private String password;//密码
    private String telephone;//手机号
}

//商品
@Entity(name = "shop_product")
@Data
public class Product {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Integer pid;//主键

    private String pname;//商品名称
    private Double pprice;//商品价格
    private Integer stock;//库存
}

//订单
@Entity(name = "shop_order")
@Data
public class Order {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long oid;//订单id

    //用户
    private Integer uid;//用户id
    private String username;//用户名

    //商品
    private Integer pid;//商品id
    private String pname;//商品名称
    private Double pprice;//商品单价

    //数量
    private Integer number;//购买数量
}

创建用户微服务

步骤:
1 创建模块导入依赖
2 创建SpringBoot主类
3 加入配置文件
4 创建必要的接口和实现类(controller service dao)
新建一个shop-user 模块，然后进行下面操作
1 创建pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springcloud-alibaba</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.zking</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>shop-user</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--springboot-web-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--shop-common-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.zking</groupId>
            <artifactId>shop-common</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

2 编写主类

@SpringBootApplication
public class UserApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(UserApplication.class);
    }
}

3 创建配置文件

server:
  port: 8071
spring:
  application:
    name: service-user
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql:///shop?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=true
    username: root
    password: sasa
  jpa:
    properties:
      hibernate:
        hbm2ddl:
          auto: update
        dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect

创建商品微服务

1 创建一个名为shop-product 的模块，并添加springboot依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springcloud-alibaba</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.zking</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>shop-product</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <!--springboot-web-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--shop-common-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.zking</groupId>
            <artifactId>shop-common</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

2 创建工程的主类

@SpringBootApplication
public class ProductApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ProductApplication.class);
    }
}

3 创建配置文件application.yml

server:
  port: 8081
spring:
  application:
    name: service-product
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql:///shop?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=true
    username: root
    password: sasa
  jpa:
    properties:
      hibernate:
        hbm2ddl:
          auto: update
        dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect

4 创建ProductDao接口

public interface ProductDao extends JpaRepository<Product, Integer> {
}

5 创建ProductService接口和实现类

package com.zking.service.impl;

@Service
public class ProductServiceImpl implements ProductService {

    @Autowired
    private ProductDao productDao;

    @Override
    public Product findByPid(Integer pid) {
        return productDao.findById(pid).get();
    }

}

6 创建Controller

package com.zking.controller;

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class ProductController {
    @Autowired
    private ProductService productService;
    //商品信息查询
    @RequestMapping("/product/{pid}")
    public Product product(@PathVariable("pid") Integer pid) {
        log.info("接下来要进行{}号商品信息的查询", pid);
        Product product = productService.findByPid(pid);
        log.info("商品信息查询成功,内容为{}", JSON.toJSONString(product));
        return product;
    }

}

7 启动工程，等到数据库表创建完毕之后，加入测试数据

INSERT INTO shop_product VALUE(NULL,'小米','1000','5000');
INSERT INTO shop_product VALUE(NULL,'华为','2000','5000');
INSERT INTO shop_product VALUE(NULL,'苹果','3000','5000');
INSERT INTO shop_product VALUE(NULL,'OPPO','4000','5000');

8 通过浏览器访问服务

创建订单微服务

1 创建一个名为shop-order 的模块,并添加springboot依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springcloud-alibaba</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.zking</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>shop-order</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <!--springboot-web-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--shop-common-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.zking</groupId>
            <artifactId>shop-common</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

2 创建工程的主类

package com.zking;

@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderApplication.class);
    }
}

3 创建配置文件application.yml

server:
  port: 8091
spring:
  application:
    name: service-order
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql:///shop?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=true
    username: root
    password: sasa
  jpa:
    properties:
      hibernate:
        hbm2ddl:
          auto: update
        dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect

4 创建OrderDao接口

package com.zking.dao;

public interface OrderDao extends JpaRepository<Order, Integer> {
}

5 创建OrderService接口和实现类

package com.zking.service.impl;

@Service
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {

    @Autowired
    private OrderDao orderDao;

    @Override
    public void createOrder(Order order) {
        orderDao.save(order);
    }

}

6 创建RestTemplate

package com.zking;

@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderApplication.class);
    }
    @Bean
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

7 创建Controller

package com.zking.controller;

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderController {

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Autowired
    private OrderService orderService;

    //准备买1件商品
    @GetMapping("/order/prod/{pid}")
    public Order order(@PathVariable("pid") Integer pid) {
        log.info(">>客户下单，这时候要调用商品微服务查询商品信息");
		//通过restTemplate调用商品微服务
        Product product = restTemplate.getForObject(
                "http://localhost:8081/product/" + pid, Product.class);
        log.info(">>商品信息,查询结果:" + JSON.toJSONString(product));
        Order order = new Order();
        order.setUid(1);
        order.setUsername("测试用户");
        order.setPid(product.getPid());
        order.setPname(product.getPname());
        order.setPprice(product.getPprice());
        order.setNumber(1);
        orderService.createOrder(order);
        return order;
    }
}

7 启动工程,通过浏览器访问服务进行测试

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-s4PTrTr7-1691992214926)(D:\donkee\mycourse\springcloud\springcloud-alibaba-2021\doc\springcloud_alibaba\261.png)]

    private OrderService orderService;

    //准备买1件商品
    @GetMapping("/order/prod/{pid}")
    public Order order(@PathVariable("pid") Integer pid) {
        log.info(">>客户下单，这时候要调用商品微服务查询商品信息");
		//通过restTemplate调用商品微服务
        Product product = restTemplate.getForObject(
                "http://localhost:8081/product/" + pid, Product.class);
        log.info(">>商品信息,查询结果:" + JSON.toJSONString(product));
        Order order = new Order();
        order.setUid(1);
        order.setUsername("测试用户");
        order.setPid(product.getPid());
        order.setPname(product.getPname());
        order.setPprice(product.getPprice());
        order.setNumber(1);
        orderService.createOrder(order);
        return order;
    }
}

7 启动工程,通过浏览器访问服务进行测试

[外链图片转存中...(img-s4PTrTr7-1691992214926)]

调用其他模块测试：

在这里插入图片描述

湘M

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springcloud微服务环境搭建

外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-s4PTrTr7-1691992214926)(D:\donkee\mycourse\springcloud\springcloud-alibaba-2021\doc\springcloud_alibaba\261.png)]例来演示微服务的调用：客户向订单微服务发起一个下单的请求，在进行保存订单之前需要调用商品微。1 创建一个名为shop-product 的模块，并添加springboot依赖。
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