Python-学生管理系统

开发环境：

win10、pycharm

系统思维图、使用流程图

 

# python:学生管理系统
# @author liuguijun
# time:
import os.path
#保存文件名
filename='student.txt'
def menu():#菜单
    print('----------------------------------')
    print('===========学生管理系统===========')
    print('===========功能菜单==============')
    print('\t\t\t\t\t1.录入学生信息\t\t\t\t\t')
    print('\t\t\t\t\t2.查找学生信息\t\t\t\t\t')
    print('\t\t\t\t\t3.删除学生信息\t\t\t\t\t')
    print('\t\t\t\t\t4.修改学生信息\t\t\t\t\t')
    print('\t\t\t\t\t5.排序\t\t\t\t\t')
    print('\t\t\t\t\t6.统计学生信息\t\t\t\t\t')
    print('\t\t\t\t\t7.显示学生信息\t\t\t\t\t')
    print('\t\t\t\t\t0.退出\t\t\t\t\t')
    print('----------------------------------')

def main():#功能选择
    while True:
        menu()
        choice=int(input('输入选择：'))
        if choice in [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7]:
            if choice==0:
               answer= input("y/n!")
               if answer=='y'or answer=='Y':
                  print('欢迎你的使用')
                  break
               else:
                   continue
            elif choice==1:
                insert()
            elif choice==2:
                 search()
            elif choice==3:
                 delete()
            elif choice==4:
                 modify()
            elif choice==5:
                 sort()
            elif choice==6:
                 total()
            elif choice==7:
                 show()

def insert():#插入
    student_list=[]
    while True:
        id=input("输入学生学号：")
        if not id:
            break
        name=input("输入姓名：")
        if not name:
            break

        try:
           score1=int(input("输入成绩1："))
           score2=int(input("输入成绩2："))
           score3=int(input("输入成绩3："))
        except:
            print("输入有误！请重新输入")
            continue
        #将信息保存到字典中
        student={'id':id,'name':name,'score1':score1,'score2':score2,'score3':score3}
        student_list.append(student)
        answer=input("是否继续输入y/n？\n")
        if answer=='y':
            continue
        else:
            break

    save(student_list)
    print("学生信息保存成功")
def save(lst):#保存信息
    try:
        stu_txt=open(filename,'a',encoding='utf-8')
    except:#异常处理
        stu_txt=open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8')
    for item in lst:
        stu_txt.write(str(item)+'\n')
    stu_txt.close()
#搜索
def search():
    student_query=[]
    while True:
        id=''
        name=''
        if os.path.exists(filename):
            mode=input("按ID查询请按1，姓名查询按2：")
            if mode=='1':
                id=input("请输入学生ID：")
            elif mode=='2':
                name=input("请输入学生姓名：")
            else:
                print("输入错误，请重新输入")
                search()
            with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
                student=rfile.readlines()
                for item in student:
                    d=dict(eval(item))
                    if id!='':
                        if d['id']==id:
                            student_query.append(d)
                    elif name!='':
                        if d['name']==name:
                            student_query.append(d)

            show_student(student_query)
            student_query.clear()
            answer=input('y/n')
            if answer=='y':
                continue
            else:
                print('sb')
                return

def show_student(lst):
    if len(lst)==0:
        print('没有查到')
        return

    format_title='{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^8}'
    print(format_title.format('ID','姓名','成绩1','成绩2','成绩3','总成绩'))

    format_data='{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^8}\t{:^8}\t{:^8}'
    for item in lst:
        print(format_data.format(item.get('id'),
                                 item.get('name'),
                                 item.get('score1'),
                                 item.get('score2'),
                                 item.get('score3'),
                                 int(item.get('score1')+item.get('score2')+item.get('score3'))))


#删除
def delete():
    while True:
     student_id=input("输入要删除的学生ID：")
     if student_id!='':
        if os.path.exists(filename):
            with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8')as file:
                student_old=file.readlines()

        else:
            student_old=[]
        flag=False#标记是否删除
        if student_old:
         with open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8')as wfile:
             d={}
             for item in student_old:
                 d=dict(eval(item))
                 if d['id']!=student_id:
                     wfile.write(str(d)+'\n')
                 else:
                     flag=True
             if flag:
                print(f'id为{student_id}的学生信息已被删除')
             else:
                print(f'没有找到ID为{student_id}的学生')
        else:
            print('无学号')
            break
        show()
     answer = input("是否继续删除y/n？\n")
     if answer == 'y':
         continue
     else:
         break


#修改
def modify():
   show()
   if os.path.exists(filename):
       with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8')as rfile:
           student_old=rfile.readlines()
   else:
       return
   student_id=input("请输入要修改的ID:")
   with open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8')as wfile:
      for item in student_old:
          d=dict(eval(item))
          if d['id']==student_id:
              print("找到学生ID，可以进行修改")
              while True:
                try:
                  d['name']=input('请输入显学生姓名：')
                  d['socre1'] = input('对应科目成绩1')
                  d['score2'] = input('成绩2：')
                  d['score3'] = input('成绩3：')
                except:
                    print("输入有误，请重新输入")
                else:
                    break
              wfile.write(str(d)+'\n')
              print("修改成功")
          else:
              wfile.write(str(d)+'\n')

      answer=input("是否继续修改：y/n")
      if answer=='y':
          modify()








#统计
def total():
    if os.path.exists(filename):
        with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8')as rfile:
            students=rfile.readlines()
            if students:
                print(f'一共有{len(students)}名学生')
            else:
                print('还没有录入学生信息')
    else:
        print("暂未保存学生信息")


#排序
def sort():
    show()
    if os.path.exists(filename):
        with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8')as rfile:
            student_lst=rfile.readlines()
        student_new=[]
        for item in student_lst:
            d=dict(eval(item))
            student_new.append(d)
    else:
        return
    asc_or_desc=input("请选择1或者0（0升序，1降序）")
    if asc_or_desc=='0':
        asc_or_desc_bool=False
    elif asc_or_desc=='1':
        asc_or_desc_bool=True
    else:
        print("输入有误")
        sort()

    mode=input("1.按score1成绩排序，2.按score2排序，3.按score3排序,4.按总成绩排序：")
    if mode=='1':
        student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x['score1']),reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
    elif mode=='2':
        student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x['score2']),reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
    elif mode=='3':
        student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x['score3']),reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
    elif mode=='4':
        student_new.sort(key=lambda x: int(x['score1'])+int(x['score2'])+int(x['score31']), reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
    else:
        print("输入有误，重新输入")
        sort()
    show_student(student_new)
def show():
    student_lst=[]
    if os.path.exists(filename):
        with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8')as rfile:
            students=rfile.readlines()
            for item in students:
                student_lst.append(eval(item))
            if student_lst:
                show_student(student_lst)
    else:
        print("暂未保存学生信息")

if __name__ == '__main__':
        main()