1、定长线性表
相当于权限更多的数组,存在唯一的头(第一个节点),唯一的尾(最后一个节点),除了第一个有效节点,其余的节点都唯一有前驱节点,除了最后一个有效节点,其余的节点都有唯一后继节点。
//sqlist sequence list
// 结构体的定义 函数的声明
#pragma once//保证程序制备编译器编译一次
//定长的顺序表结构体定义
typedef struct Sqlist
{
int arr[10];//数据域
int length;//有效数据节点的个数
}Sqlist, * PSqlist;
//typedef struct Sqlist Sqlist;
//typedef struct Sqlist* PSqlist;
//下面写可执行函数声明:
//不外乎增删改查
//初始化
void Init_sqlist(PSqlist plist);//struct Sqlist* plist
//按位置插入
bool Insert_Pos(PSqlist plist, int pos, int val);
//按值删 删除这个值出现的第一次的位置
bool Del_val(PSqlist plist, int val);
//按位置删除
bool Del_pos(PSqlist plist, int pos);
//查找值为val的节点
int Search(PSqlist plist, int val);
//判空
bool IsEmpty(PSqlist plist);
//判满
bool IsFull(PSqlist plist);
//清空
void Clear(PSqlist plist);
//销毁
void Destroy(PSqlist plist);
#include<stdio.h>
#include<assert.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include"Sqlist.h"//未在c语言函数库里的头文件需要用双引号
//typedef struct Sqlist Sqlist;
//typedef struct Sqlist* PSqlist;
//在头文件中已经定义
//初始化线性表
void Init_sqlist(PSqlist plist)//struct Sqlist* plist
{
assert(plist != NULL);
plist->length = 0;//由于已经在头文件里定义了
return;
}
//按下标插入
bool Insert_Pos(PSqlist plist, int pos, int val)
{
assert(plist != NULL);
if (IsFull(plist))
{
return false;
}
if (pos<0 || pos>plist->length)
{
return false;
}
else
{
for (int i = plist->length-1; i >= pos; i--)//从插入的位置起将元素依次向后移,若是在最后一个插的话,for循环不成立
{
plist->arr[i + 1] = plist->arr[i];
}
plist->arr[pos] = val;
plist->length++;
return true;
}
}
//按值删除这个值出现的第一次的位置
bool Del_val(PSqlist plist, int val)
{
assert(plist != NULL);
if (IsEmpty(plist))//
{
return false;
}
int pos=Search(plist, val);//通过寻找函数找出val的下标
if (pos == -1)//如果没有找到,则return false
{
return false;
}
for (int i = pos; i < plist->length - 1; i++)
{
plist->arr[i] = plist->arr[i + 1];
}
plist->length--;
return true;
}
//按下标删除
bool Del_pos(PSqlist plist, int pos)
{
assert(plist != NULL);
if (pos<0 || pos>plist->length - 1)
{
return false;
}
else
{
for (int i = pos; i < plist->length - 1; i++)
{
plist->arr[i] = plist->arr[i + 1];
}
plist->length--;
return true;
}
}
//查找值为val的节点
int Search(PSqlist plist, int val)
{
assert(plist != NULL);
for (int i = 0; i < plist->length; i++)
{
if (plist->arr[i] == val)
{
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
//判空
bool IsEmpty(PSqlist plist)
{
assert(plist != NULL);
if (plist->length > 0)
{
return false;
}
return true;
}
//判满
bool IsFull(PSqlist plist)
{
assert(plist != NULL);
if (plist->length == sizeof(plist->arr) / sizeof(plist->arr[0]))
{
return true;
}
return false;
}
//清空
void Clear(PSqlist plist)
{
assert(plist != NULL);
plist->length = 0;
}
//销毁
void Destroy(PSqlist plist)
{
assert(plist != NULL);
Clear(plist);
plist = NULL;
}
void Print(PSqlist plist)
{
assert(plist != NULL);
for (int i = 0; i < plist->length; i++)
{
printf("%d ", plist->arr[i]);
}
printf("\n");
}
int main()
{
Sqlist x = {};
PSqlist p = &x;
Init_sqlist(p);
int ar[10] = { 12,23,34,45,56,67,78,89,90,100 };
int n = sizeof(ar) / sizeof(ar[0]);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
Insert_Pos(p, i, ar[i]);
Print(p);
}
for (int i = 9; i >= 0; i--)
{
Del_pos(p, i);
Print(p);
}
Clear(p);
printf("%d ", IsEmpty(p));
Destroy(p);
}
2、不定长线性表
扩容原理:(recalloc())
#pragma once
typedef int ELEM_TYPE;
#define INIT 10 //线性表初始长度
typedef struct DSqlist //不定长线性表
{
ELEM_TYPE* data;//用来承接malloc来的数组的地址
int length;//当前数组的元素个数
int listsize;//当前申请的数组可存放的元素个数
}DSqlist,*PDSqlist;
void Init_DSqlist(PDSqlist plist);//struct Sqlist* plist
//按位置插入
bool Insert_Pos(PDSqlist plist, int pos, int val);
//按值删 删除这个值出现的第一次的位置
bool Del_val(PDSqlist plist, int val);
//按位置删除
bool Del_pos(PDSqlist plist, int pos);
//查找值为val的节点
int Search(PDSqlist plist, int val);
//判空
bool IsEmpty(PDSqlist plist);
//判满
bool IsFull(PDSqlist plist);
//清空
void Clear(PDSqlist plist);
//销毁
void Destroy(PDSqlist plist);
//扩容
void Dilatation(PDSqlist plist);
#include"DSqlist.h"
#include<stdio.h>
#include<assert.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
/*
顺序表的特点:
1.简单 好实现
2.逻辑上相邻,物理上也相邻
3.插入时间复杂度O(n)(挪动数据) 尾插的时间复杂度为O(1)
4.删除时间复杂度O(n)(挪动数据) 尾删的时间复杂度为O(1)
5.随机访问时间复杂度O(1) 因为有数组下标帮忙
*/
void Init_DSqlist(PDSqlist plist)//struct Sqlist* plist
{
assert(plist != NULL);
plist->data = (ELEM_TYPE*)malloc(sizeof(int) * INIT);
plist->length = 0;
plist->listsize = INIT;
return;
}
//按位置插入
bool Insert_Pos(PDSqlist plist, int pos, int val)
{
assert(plist != NULL);
if (IsFull(plist))
{
Dilatation(plist);
}
for (int i = plist->length - 1; i >= pos; i--)
{
plist->data[i + 1] = plist->data[i];
}
plist->data[pos] = val;
plist->length++;
return true;
}
//按值删 删除这个值出现的第一次的位置
bool Del_val(PDSqlist plist, int val)
{
assert(plist != NULL);
if (IsEmpty(plist))
{
return false;
}
int pos = Search(plist, val);
if (pos ==-1)
{
return false;
}
Del_pos(plist, pos);
}
//按位置删除
bool Del_pos(PDSqlist plist, int pos)
{
assert(plist != NULL);
if (IsEmpty(plist))
{
return false;
}
for (int i = pos; i < plist->length - 1; i++)
{
plist->data[i] = plist->data[i + 1];
}
plist->length--;
return true;
}
//查找值为val的节点
int Search(PDSqlist plist, int val)
{
assert(plist != NULL);
for (int i = 0; i < plist->length; i++)
{
if (val == plist->data[i])
{
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
//判空
bool IsEmpty(PDSqlist plist)
{
assert(plist != NULL);
if (plist->length == 0)
{
return true;
}
return false;
}
//判满
bool IsFull(PDSqlist plist)
{
assert(plist != NULL);
if (plist->length == plist->listsize)
{
return true;
}
return false;
}
//清空
void Clear(PDSqlist plist)
{
assert(plist != NULL);
plist->length = 0;
plist->listsize = 0;
return;
}
//销毁
void Destroy(PDSqlist plist)
{
assert(plist != NULL);
Clear(plist);
free(plist->data);
plist->data = NULL;
return;
}
//扩容
void Dilatation(PDSqlist plist)
{
assert(plist!= NULL);
plist->data = (ELEM_TYPE*)realloc(plist->data, sizeof(ELEM_TYPE)*plist->listsize*2);
if (plist->data == NULL)
{
return;
}
plist->listsize *= 2;
}
void Print(PDSqlist plist)
{
assert(plist != NULL);
for (int i = 0; i < plist->length; i++)
{
printf("%d ", plist->data[i]);
}
printf("\n");
}
//扩容有三种可能,第一种,后面的内存可用,往后面添加
//第二种,后面的内存不够,重新创建新的
//第三种,所有内存都不够,返回false
int main()
{
int ar[10] = { 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 };
int n = sizeof(ar) / sizeof(ar[0]);
DSqlist x = {};
PDSqlist p = &x;
Init_DSqlist(p);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
Insert_Pos(p, i, ar[i]);
Print(p);
}
Insert_Pos(p, 10, 11111);
Print(p);
Clear(p);
Destroy(p);
}
ist->data[i]);
}
printf("\n");
}
//扩容有三种可能,第一种,后面的内存可用,往后面添加
//第二种,后面的内存不够,重新创建新的
//第三种,所有内存都不够,返回false
int main()
{
int ar[10] = { 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 };
int n = sizeof(ar) / sizeof(ar[0]);
DSqlist x = {};
PDSqlist p = &x;
Init_DSqlist§;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
Insert_Pos(p, i, ar[i]);
Print§;
}
Insert_Pos(p, 10, 11111);
Print(p);
Clear(p);
Destroy(p);
}