PCA在人脸识别的应用

一、数据获取

代码示例：

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from sklearn.datasets import fetch_lfw_people

faces = fetch_lfw_people()

faces.data.shape
#运行结果：(13233, 2914)

faces.images.shape
#运行结果：(13233, 62, 47)

ramdom_indexes = np.random.permutation(len(faces.data))  #获得随机排列
X = faces.data[ramdom_indexes]

example_faces = X[:36,:] #获得随机36张脸

#图形可视化
def plot_digits(faces):
    fig, axes = plt.subplots(6,6,figsize=(10,10),subplot_kw = {'xticks':[],'yticks':[]},
    gridspec_kw = dict(hspace=0.1,wspace=0.1))
    for i, ax in enumerate(axes.flat):
        ax.imshow(faces[i].reshape(62,47),cmap='bone')
    plt.show()
    
plot_digits(example_faces)

运行结果：

 

二、特征脸

代码示例：

from sklearn.decomposition import PCA 
pca = PCA(svd_solver='randomized')
pca.fit(X)

pca.components_.shape  #2914个主成分，对应2914个向量

plot_digits(pca.components_[:36,:])

运行结果：