Python文件操作 IO OS模块

r只读, r+读写, w写入(覆盖), w+读写(覆盖), a追加, a+读追加, rb, rb+, wb, wb+, ab, ab+ 二进制模式

f = open('文件.py', 'r', encoding='utf-8')
print(f.read())
f.close()

f = open('abc.txt', 'w+', encoding='utf-8')
f.write('hello world')

指针回到开头

f.seek(0)
print(f.read())
f.close()

readline 读取一行 readlines 读取所有行 write 写入 writelines 写入多行(需要自己加换行符)

f = open('abc.txt', 'w+', encoding='utf-8')
f.writelines(['hello world', '\n', 'hello python', '\n'])
f.seek(0)
print(f.readlines())

with open…as… 自动关闭

with open('abc.txt', 'w+', encoding='utf-8') as f:
    f.write('hello world')
    f.seek(0)
    print(f.read())

处理图片

import requests
url = 'https://gips1.baidu.com/it/u=2109130335,2323458671&fm=3028&app=3028&f=PNG&fmt=auto&q=100&size=f1296_198'
res = requests.get(url)
print(res.content)
with open('abc.png', 'wb') as f:
f.write(res.content)

url = 'https://audio04.dmhmusic.com/71_53_T10064861651_128_4_1_0_sdk-cpm/cn/0513/M00/5A/AB/ChAKFGahzHmAFTV6AFL8LE8Llrk011.mp3?xcode=f12f36cd37b25981e3fde4a2aa6f28ff5c8883c'
res = requests.get(url)
print(res.content)
with open('abc.mp3', 'wb') as f:
f.write(res.content)

忽略错误

with open('abc.txt', 'w', encoding='gbk') as f:
    f.write("你好python")
with open('abc.txt', 'r', encoding='ascii', errors='ignore') as f:
    print(f.read())

io 模块

import io

f = io.StringIO()
f.write('hello world')
print(f.getvalue())

os 模块

import os

print(os.getcwd())                      # 获取当前目录
print(os.listdir('.'))                  # 获取当前目录下的文件
print(os.path.exists('abc.txt'))        # 判断文件是否存在
print(os.system('dir'))                	# 执行系统命令
print(os.chdir('c:\\'))               	# 改变当前目录
os.mkdir('abc')                       	# 创建目录
os.rmdir('abc')                       	# 删除目录
os.rename('abc', 'abc1')              	# 重命名
print(os.remove('abc.txt'))           	# 删除文件
print(os.path.getsize('abc.txt'))       # 获取文件大小
print(os.path.getatime('abc.txt'))      # 获取文件访问时间
print(os.path.getmtime('abc.txt'))      # 获取文件修改时间
print(os.path.getctime('abc.txt'))      # 获取文件创建时间
print(os.path.join('c:\\', 'abc.txt'))  # 拼接路径
print(os.path.isdir('c:\\'))           	# 判断是否是目录
print(os.path.isfile('c:\\'))           # 判断是否是文件
print(os.path.isabs('c:\\'))           	# 判断是否是绝对路径