11 个非常实用的 Python 和 Shell 拿来就用脚本实例

Python 脚本部分实例：企业微信告警、FTP 客户端、SSH 客户端、Saltstack 客户端、vCenter 客户端、获取域名 ssl 证书过期时间、发送今天的天气预报以及未来的天气趋势图；

Shell 脚本部分实例：SVN 完整备份、Zabbix 监控用户密码过期、构建本地 YUM 以及文章中有读者的需求（负载高时，查出占用比较高的进程脚本并存储或推送通知）；

Python 脚本部分

企业微信告警

此脚本通过企业微信应用，进行微信告警，可用于 Zabbix 监控。

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-


import requests
import json


class DLF:
    def __init__(self, corpid, corpsecret):
        self.url = "https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin"
        self.corpid = corpid
        self.corpsecret = corpsecret
        self._token = self._get_token()

    def _get_token(self):
        '''
        获取企业微信API接口的access_token
        :return:
        '''
        token_url = self.url + "/gettoken?corpid=%s&corpsecret=%s" %(self.corpid, self.corpsecret)
        try:
            res = requests.get(token_url).json()
            token = res['access_token']
            return token
        except Exception as e:
            return str(e)

    def _get_media_id(self, file_obj):
        get_media_url = self.url + "/media/upload?access_token={}&type=file".format(self._token)
        data = {"media": file_obj}

        try:
            res = requests.post(url=get_media_url, files=data)
            media_id = res.json()['media_id']
            return media_id
        except Exception as e:
            return str(e)

    def send_text(self, agentid, content, touser=None, toparty=None):
        send_msg_url = self.url + "/message/send?access_token=%s" % (self._token)
        send_data = {
            "touser": touser,
            "toparty": toparty,
            "msgtype": "text",
            "agentid": agentid,
            "text": {
                "content": content
            }
        }

        try:
            res = requests.post(send_msg_url, data=json.dumps(send_data))
        except Exception as e:
            return str(e)

    def send_image(self, agentid, file_obj, touser=None, toparty=None):
        media_id = self._get_media_id(file_obj)
        send_msg_url = self.url + "/message/send?access_token=%s" % (self._token)
        send_data = {
            "touser": touser,
            "toparty": toparty,
            "msgtype": "image",
            "agentid": agentid,
            "image": {
                "media_id": media_id
           }
        }

        try:
            res = requests.post(send_msg_url, data=json.dumps(send_data))
        except Exception as e:
            return str(e)

FTP 客户端

通过 ftplib 模块操作 ftp 服务器，进行上传下载等操作。

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from ftplib import FTP
from os import path
import copy


class FTPClient:
    def __init__(self, host, user, passwd, port=21):
        self.host = host
        self.user = user
        self.passwd = passwd
        self.port = port
        self.res = {'status': True, 'msg': None}
        self._ftp = None
        self._login()

    def _login(self):
        '''
        登录FTP服务器
        :return: 连接或登录出现异常时返回错误信息
        '''
        try:
            self._ftp = FTP()
            self._ftp.connect(self.host, self.port, timeout=30)
            self._ftp.login(self.user, self.passwd)
        except Exception as e:
            return e

    def upload(self, localpath, remotepath=None):
        '''
        上传ftp文件
        :param localpath: local file path
        :param remotepath: remote file path
        :return:
        '''
        if not localpath: return 'Please select a local file. '
        # 读取本地文件
        # fp = open(localpath, 'rb')

        # 如果未传递远程文件路径，则上传到当前目录，文件名称同本地文件
        if not remotepath:
            remotepath = path.basename(localpath)

        # 上传文件
        self._ftp.storbinary('STOR ' + remotepath, localpath)
        # fp.close()

    def download(self, remotepath, localpath=None):
        '''
        localpath
        :param localpath: local file path
        :param remotepath: remote file path
        :return:
        '''

        if not remotepath: return 'Please select a remote file. '
        # 如果未传递本地文件路径，则下载到当前目录，文件名称同远程文件
        if not localpath:
            localpath = path.basename(remotepath)
        # 如果localpath是目录的话就和remotepath的basename拼接
        if path.isdir(localpath):
            localpath = path.join(localpath, path.basename(remotepath))

        # 写入本地文件
        fp = open(localpath, 'wb')

        # 下载文件
        self._ftp.retrbinary('RETR ' + remotepath, fp.write)
        fp.close()

    def nlst(self, dir='/'):
        '''
        查看目录下的内容
        :return: 以列表形式返回目录下的所有内容
        '''
        files_list = self._ftp.nlst(dir)
        return files_list

    def rmd(self, dir=None):
        '''
        删除目录
        :param dir: 目录名称
        :return: 执行结果
        '''
        if not dir: return 'Please input dirname'
        res = copy.deepcopy(self.res)
        try:
            del_d = self._ftp.rmd(dir)
            res['msg'] = del_d
        except Exception as e:
            res['status'] = False
            res['msg'] = str(e)

        return res

    def mkd(self, dir=None):
        '''
        创建目录
        :param dir: 目录名称
        :return: 执行结果
        '''
        if not dir: return 'Please input dirname'
        res = copy.deepcopy(self.res)
        try:
            mkd_d = self._ftp.mkd(dir)
            res['msg'] = mkd_d
        except Exception as e:
            res['status'] = False
            res['msg'] = str(e)

        return res

    def del_file(self, filename=None):
        '''
        删除文件
        :param filename: 文件名称
        :return: 执行结果
        '''
        if not filename: return 'Please input filename'
        res = copy.deepcopy(self.res)
        try:
            del_f = self._ftp.delete(filename)
            res['msg'] = del_f
        except Exception as e:
            res['status'] = False
            res['msg'] = str(e)

        return res

    def get_file_size(self, filenames=[]):
        '''
        获取文件大小,单位是字节
        判断文件类型
        :param filename: 文件名称
        :return: 执行结果
        '''
        if not filenames: return {'msg': 'This is an empty directory'}
        res_l = []
        for file in filenames:
            res_d = {}
            # 如果是目录或者文件不存在就会报错
            try:
                size = self._ftp.size(file)
                type = 'f'
            except:
                # 如果是路径的话size显示 - , file末尾加/ （/dir/）
                size = '-'
                type = 'd'
                file = file + '/'

            res_d['filename'] = file
            res_d['size&