SpringMVC的请求与响应和参数传递

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-17 23:49:21 发布

2023-8-13胖胖

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-17 23:49:21 发布

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文章标签： spring java servlet postman

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_59564754/article/details/127835996

版权

本文详细介绍了Spring MVC中如何设置请求映射、接收不同类型的参数，包括普通参数、Java对象、嵌套对象、数组、集合及JSON数据，并展示了日期类型的参数传递和响应JSON数据的方法。通过实例代码，解析了Postman工具进行接口测试时的参数配置。

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文章目录

1.设置请求映射路径

导入依赖 jar 包

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>4.0.1</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.3.20</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

创建 SpringMvcConfig 配置类

@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.my.controller")
public class SpringMvcConfig {
}

创建 Servlet 初始化配置类

public class ServletContextInitConfig extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
    @Override
    protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
        return new Class[0];
    }
    @Override
    protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
        return new Class[]{SpringMvcConfig.class};
    }
    @Override
    protected String[] getServletMappings() {
        return new String[]{"/"};
    }
    
    //中文乱码处理
    @Override
    protected Filter[] getServletFilters() {
        CharacterEncodingFilter filter=new CharacterEncodingFilter();
        filter.setEncoding("UTF-8");
        return new Filter[]{filter};
    }
}

设置映射路径

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

    @RequestMapping("/delete")
    @ResponseBody
    public String delete(){
        System.out.println("user delete......");
        return "{'msg':'user delete'}";
    }
}

2.接收请求参数

数据模型类

public class User {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private Address address;
	······(get和set)
}

public class Address {
    private String city;
    private String pro;
    ······(get和set)
}

控制类接收参数

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

    @RequestMapping("/save")
    @ResponseBody
    public String save(String name,int age){
        System.out.println("user save name ===>"+name);
        System.out.println("user save age ===>"+age);
        return "{'msg':'user save'}";
    }
}

3.五种类型参数传递

使用的是Postman工具

1.普通参数传递（前端和后台的名称要一致）

在这里插入图片描述

    @RequestMapping("/save")
    @ResponseBody
    public String save(String name,int age){
        System.out.println("user save name ===>"+name);
        System.out.println("user save age ===>"+age);
        return "{'msg':'user save'}";
    }

2.普通Java对象参数传递

在这里插入图片描述

    @RequestMapping("/pojo")
    @ResponseBody
    public String pojo(User user){
        System.out.println("user pojo user ===>"+user);
        return "{'msg':'user pojo'}";
    }

3.嵌套Java对象参数传递

两个实体类

public class User {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private Address address;
	······(get和set)
}
------------------------------------------------
public class Address {
    private String city;
    private String pro;
    ······(get和set)
}

2.接收参数

在这里插入图片描述

    @RequestMapping("/pojo")
    @ResponseBody
    public String pojo(User user){
        System.out.println("user pojo user ===>"+user);
        return "{'msg':'user pojo'}";
    }

4.数组类型参数传递

在这里插入图片描述

    @RequestMapping("/array")
    @ResponseBody
    public String array(String[] likes){
        System.out.println("user array likes ===>"+ Arrays.toString(likes));
        return "{'msg':'user array'}";
    }

5.集合类型参数传递

RequestParam 绑定请求参数与处理器方法形参之间的关系

在这里插入图片描述

    @RequestMapping("/list")
    @ResponseBody
    public String list(@RequestParam List<String> likes){
        System.out.println("user list likes ===>"+ likes);
        return "{'msg':'user list'}";
    }

4. JSON数据传输参数

导入依赖 jar 包

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.0</version>
    </dependency>

在 SpringMvcConfig 配置类上，开启 JSON 数据类型自动转换

@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.my.controller")
//开启json
@EnableWebMvc
public class SpringMvcConfig {
}

1. JSON普通数组传递参数

在这里插入图片描述

    @RequestMapping("/listJson")
    @ResponseBody
    public String listJson(@RequestBody List<String> likes){
        System.out.println("user list likes ===>"+ likes);
        return "{'msg':'user list'}";
    }

2. JSON对象数据传递参数

在这里插入图片描述

    @RequestMapping("/pojoJson")
    @ResponseBody
    public String pojoJson(@RequestBody User user){
        System.out.println("user pojo user ===>"+user);
        return "{'msg':'user pojo'}";
    }

3. JSON对象数组传递参数

在这里插入图片描述

    @RequestMapping("/pojoListJson")
    @ResponseBody
    public String pojoListJson(@RequestBody List<User> users){
        System.out.println("user list likes ===>"+ users);
        return "{'msg':'user list'}";
    }

5.日期类型参数传递

三种格式
1. 2022/11/13
2. 2022-11-12
3. 2022-11-12 19:13:10

在这里插入图片描述

    @RequestMapping("/date")
    @ResponseBody
    public String date(Date date1,
                       @DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd") Date date2,
                       @DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss") Date date3){
        System.out.println("book date1......"+date1);
        System.out.println("book date2......"+date2);
        System.out.println("book date3......"+date3);
        return "{'msg':'book date'}";
    }

6.响应 JSON 数据

实体类

public class Book {
    private Integer id;
    private String type;
    private String name;
    private String description;
	······（get和set方法）
}

在这里插入图片描述

    @RequestMapping("/getAll")
    @ResponseBody
	public List<Book> getAll(){
       System.out.println("book getAll running......");
        List<Book> bookList=new ArrayList<>();

        Book book1=new Book();
        book1.setType("计算机");
        book1.setName("SpringMVC入门教程");
        book1.setDescription("小试牛刀");
        bookList.add(book1);

       Book book2=new Book();
       book2.setType("计算机");
       book2.setName("SpringMVC实战教程");
       book2.setDescription("一代宗师");
       bookList.add(book2);
       return bookList;
   }