常用Shell命令 - 02 压缩和解压缩

.zip

解压：unzip FileName.zip

压缩：zip FileName.zip DirName

.rar （如果老不会用，非必要不要传压缩文件，发原文档就好，免得多此一举）

解压：rar x FileName.rar

压缩：rar a FileName.rar DirName

.tar

解包：tar xvf FileName.tar

打包：tar cvf FileName.tar DirName

(注：tar是打包，不是压缩！)

.gz

解压1：gunzip FileName.gz

解压2：gzip -d FileName.gz

压缩：gzip FileName

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Last login: Wed Jun  8 07:39:47 on ttys000
xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air ~ % unrar x /Users/xiepengyu/Desktop/0607\ file\ transfer.rar

UNRAR 6.12 freeware      Copyright (c) 1993-2022 Alexander Roshal


Extracting from /Users/xiepengyu/Desktop/0607 file transfer.rar

Creating    0607 file transfer                                        OK
transfer/TTCom_20220228/TTScript/bin/QtCore.framework/Resources/Info.plist  OK 
All OK
xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air ~ % tar /Users/xiepengyu/Downloads/rarmacos-x64-612.tar 
Usage:
  List:    tar -tf <archive-filename>
  Extract: tar -xf <archive-filename>
  Create:  tar -cf <archive-filename> [filenames...]
  Help:    tar --help
xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air ~ % tar xvf /Users/xiepengyu/Desktop/rarmacos-x64-612.tar 
x rar/license.txt
xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air ~ % ls                                                       
0607 file transfer	Downloads		Music			lua-5.4.3.tar.gz	rar
Desktop			Library			Pictures		lua-5.4.4
Documents		Movies			Public			lua-5.4.4.tar.gz
xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air ~ % clear

xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air ~ % ls
Desktop			Library			Pictures		lua-5.4.4
Documents		Movies			Public			lua-5.4.4.tar.gz
Downloads		Music			lua-5.4.3.tar.gz	rar
xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air ~ % cd Desktop
xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air Desktop % tar xvf /Users/xiepengyu/Desktop/rarmacos-x64-612.tar 
x rar/
x rar/whatsnew.txt
x rar/rar.txt
x rar/acknow.txt
x rar/order.htm
x rar/makefile
x rar/rar
x rar/rarfiles.lst
x rar/unrar
x rar/readme.txt
x rar/default.sfx
x rar/license.txt
xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air Desktop % ===> the ***.tar file 被解压到桌面
zsh: == not found
xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air Desktop % tar cvf xxx.tar /Users/xiepengyu/Desktop/未命名文件夹 
tar: Removing leading '/' from member names
a Users/xiepengyu/Desktop/未命名文件夹
xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air Desktop % ===> 未命名文件夹 被 打包成xxx.tar ,在桌面
zsh: == not found
xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air Desktop % gunzip /Users/xiepengyu/Downloads/lua-5.4.4.tar.gz 
xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air Desktop % gunzip /Users/xiepengyu/Downloads/lua-5.4.3.tar.gz 
gunzip: /Users/xiepengyu/Downloads/lua-5.4.3.tar.gz: not in gzip format
xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air Desktop % tar xvf /Users/xiepengyu/Downloads/lua-5.4.4.tar 
x lua-5.4.4/
x lua-5.4.4/Makefile
x lua-5.4.4/doc/
x lua-5.4.4/README
xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air Desktop % ===> 注意：当前目录在Desktop，所以解压后，或者压缩后的文件就在Desktop
zsh: == not found
xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air Desktop % gzip /Users/xiepengyu/Desktop/gzip_demo 
gzip: /Users/xiepengyu/Desktop/gzip_demo is a directory
xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air Desktop % gzip /Users/xiepengyu/Desktop/gzip_demo 
gzip: /Users/xiepengyu/Desktop/gzip_demo is a directory
xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air Desktop % gzip /Users/xiepengyu/Desktop/截屏2022-06-08\ 07.37.23.png /Users/xiepengyu/Desktop/截屏2022-06-08\ 07.37.55.png
xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air Desktop % gzip -d /Users/xiepengyu/Desktop/截屏2022-06-08\ 07.37.55.png.gz 
xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air Desktop % zip zip_dmeo.zip /Users/xiepengyu/Desktop/zip_demo 
  adding: Users/xiepengyu/Desktop/zip_demo/ (stored 0%)
xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air Desktop % ===> zip 可以压缩文件夹， 而gzip只能压缩文件
zsh: == not found
xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air Desktop % unzip /Users/xiepengyu/Desktop/zip_dmeo.zip 
Archive:  /Users/xiepengyu/Desktop/zip_dmeo.zip
   creating: Users/xiepengyu/Desktop/zip_demo/
xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air Desktop % ===> unzip 解压后，原先的xxx.zip依旧存在，但是gzip -d 解压后，原先的文件消失
zsh: == not found
xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air Desktop % rar x /Users/xiepengyu/Desktop/0607\ file\ transfer.rar 

RAR 6.12   Copyright (c) 1993-2022 Alexander Roshal   4 May 2022
Trial version             Type 'rar -?' for help


Extracting from /Users/xiepengyu/Desktop/0607 file transfer.rar

Creating    0607 file transfer                                        OK
Creating    0607 file transfer/smokeyshell log                        OK
Extracting  0607 file transfer/smokeyshell log/all dotara section log.txt  OK 
Extracting  0607 file transfer/smokeyshell log/single run fct function about Boost and Charger.txt  OK 
Extracting  0607 file transfer/TTCom_20220228/TTScript/TT_INFO.pyc    OK 
All OK
xiepengyu@xiepengyudeMacBook-Air Desktop % 

Mac 下如何用命令行解压和压缩 rar 文件

1.下载 RAR 工具，根据自己电脑系统的类型版本进行选择

2.下载完后解压（双击即可）

tar -zxvf rarosx-x64-6.1.b1.tar.gz

3.进入到解压后的文件夹中，执行如下的安装命令

sudo install -c -o $USER rar /usr/local/bin/

sudo install -c -o $USER unrar /usr/local/bin

4.用解压命令操作下，看看是否成功：

unrar x *.rar

解压 ： rar x FileName.rar （效果一样）

rar a 压缩后的文件名称.rar  targetdir