ssh 登录

登录方式:

        linux:ssh root@ip/hostname   (标准用法)
        ssh ip    (当前用户登录)
        windows:ssh root@ip/hostname
        Windows PowerShell:ssh root@ip/hostname

证书登录

在xixi 里生成证书
        [root@www ~]# ssh-keygen   (全按回车)
        [root@www ~]# ll .ssh/
        total 8
        -rw------- 1 root root 2602 Apr 26 21:56 id_rsa    公钥
        -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  569 Apr 26 21:56 id_rsa.pub  私钥

       连接 192.168.19.130
改名为xixi

        [root@www ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname xixi
      连接 192.168.19.141
改名为haha

        [root@www ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname haha

在xixi 里生成证书
        [root@www ~]# ssh-keygen   (全按回车)
    xixi登录到haha,将xixi公钥给haha(ssh登录对方时就不需要输入密码)
        [root@xixi ~]# ssh-copy-id root@192.168.19.141
    连接到haha时,就不需要输入密码
        [root@xixi ~]# ssh root@192.168.19.141
        Activate the web console with: systemctl enable --now cockpit.socket

        This system is not registered to Red Hat Insights. See https://cloud.redhat.com/
        To register this system, run: insights-client --register

        Last login: Wed Apr 27 21:58:23 2022 from 192.168.19.1

在haha 里生成证书
        [root@www ~]# ssh-keygen   (全按回车)
    haha登录到xixi,将haha公钥给xixi(ssh登录对方时就不需要输入密码)
        [root@haha ~]# ssh-copy-id root@192.168.19.130
    连接到haha时,就不需要输入密码
        [root@haha ~]# ssh root@192.168.19.130
        Activate the web console with: systemctl enable --now cockpit.socket

        This system is not registered to Red Hat Insights. See https://cloud.redhat.com/
        To register this system, run: insights-client --register

        Last login: Wed Apr 27 22:00:18 2022 from 192.168.19.1

用证书登录,关闭密码登录
        [root@haha ~]# vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
将密码登录PasswordAuthentication yes 改为PasswordAuthentication no

重启服务
        [root@haha ~]# systemctl restart sshd

连接
        [root@haha ~]# exit
        logout
        Connection to 192.168.19.141 closed.
        [root@xixi ~]# ssh root@192.168.19.141    不需要密码
        xshell 登录也不需要输入密码

 登录141时,无密码登录:
    从130登录到141

        [root@haha ~]# cd .ssh
        [root@haha .ssh]# sz id_rsa     将id_rsa(私钥)保存到E盘
        [root@haha .ssh]# cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys      将id_rsa.pub 的内容追加到authorized_keys
验证
        [C:\~]$ ssh root@192.168.19.141 

        

        
直接进入到 haha   

登录到自己不需要密码
将自己的公钥给自己的文件名

        [root@xixi .ssh]# ssh-copy-id root@192.168.19.130
        /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
        /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are         already installed
        /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to         install the new keys
        root@192.168.19.130's password: 

登录时就不再需要密码
        [root@xixi .ssh]# ssh root@192.168.19.130
        Activate the web console with: systemctl enable --now cockpit.socket

        This system is not registered to Red Hat Insights. See https://cloud.redhat.com/
        To register this system, run: insights-client --register

        Last failed login: Sun May  8 01:49:31 CST 2022 from 192.168.19.130 on ssh:notty
        There were 2 failed login attempts since the last successful login.
        Last login: Sun May  8 01:38:11 2022 from 192.168.19.130

 authorized_keys  所有来访证书登录的用户的公钥内容,每行一个
 id_rsa       自己主机的私钥,禁止任何形式的分享
 id_rsa.pub   自己主机的公钥,可以发送其他主机
 known_hosts  谁可以免密登录

 

scp 远程传输

传出
    在130下创建文件xia,然后传入到141下的root用户中
        [root@xixi ~]# touch xia
        [root@xixi ~]# scp xia root@192.168.19.141:/root
        xia                      100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00 
查看文件xia 
        [root@haha ~]# ll
        total 0
        -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Apr 26 23:30 xia

收回
    在130中删除文件xia,然后从141中将文件xia拿回来放到根目录下
        [root@xixi ~]# rm -rf xia
        [root@xixi ~]# scp root@192.168.19.130:/root/xia .
        xia                      100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00 
        [root@xixi ~]# ll
        total 0
        -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 May  8 01:58 xia


免密登录

更改本地解析文件 hosts
        [root@xixi ~]# cat /etc/hosts
        添加:
        192.168.19.130 xixi 
        192.168.19.141 haha
登录到haha 时,就不需要密码(首次登录时需要指纹认证)
        [root@xixi ~]# ssh haha
        [root@haha ~]#

从xixi 登录到 haha ,直接将haha 中的 hosts 文件传到xixi
        [root@haha ~]# scp /etc/hosts 192.168.19.141:/etc/

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