【孔乙已】生产者消费者有四样写法，技术详细介绍

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-25 16:25:04 发布

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2.使用`NotifyAll`而不是使用`notify`

现象
如果是多消费者和多生产者情况，如果使用notify方法可能会出现“假死”的情况，即唤醒的是同类线程。

原因分析
假设当前多个生产者线程会调用wait方法阻塞等待，当其中的生产者线程获取到对象锁之后使用notify通知处于WAITTING状态的线程，如果唤醒的仍然是生产者线程，就会造成所有的消费者线程都处于等待状态。

解决方案
使用NotifyAll而不是使用notify

代码实现如下：

public class ProductorConsumerDemo1 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

LinkedList linkedList = new LinkedList();
ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(15);
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
service.submit(new Productor(linkedList, 8));
}

for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
service.submit(new Consumer(linkedList));
}

}

static class Productor implements Runnable {

private List list;
private int maxLength;

public Productor(List list, int maxLength) {
this.list = list;
this.maxLength = maxLength;
}

@Override
public void run() {
while (true) {
synchronized (list) {
try {
while (list.size() == maxLength) {
System.out.println(“生产者” + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " list以达到最大容量，进行wait");
list.wait();
System.out.println(“生产者” + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 退出wait");
}
Random random = new Random();
int i = random.nextInt();
System.out.println(“生产者” + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 生产数据" + i);
list.add(i);
list.notifyAll();
Thread.sleep(500);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

}
}
}

static class Consumer implements Runnable {

private List list;

public Consumer(List list) {
this.list = list;
}

@Override
public void run() {
while (true) {
synchronized (list) {
try {
while (list.isEmpty()) {
System.out.println(“消费者” + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " list为空，进行wait");
list.wait();
System.out.println(“消费者” + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 退出wait");
}
Integer element = list.remove(0);
System.out.println(“消费者” + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 消费数据：" + element);
list.notifyAll();
Thread.sleep(500);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}

}

2.`Lock`方式实现

Lock中的Condition可以实现上面Object的wait,notify一样的效果
await对应wait,signal对应notify,signalAll对应notifyAll
下面直接来看看实现，代码与使用wait,notify基本上是一样的，只是同步方式不同

public class ProductorConsumerDemo2 {

private static ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
private static Condition full = lock.newCondition();
private static Condition empty = lock.newCondition();

public static void main(String[] args) {
LinkedList linkedList = new LinkedList();
ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(15);
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
service.submit(new Productor(linkedList, 8, lock));
}
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
service.submit(new Consumer(linkedList, lock));
}

}

static class Productor implements Runnable {

private List list;
private int maxLength;
private Lock lock;

public Productor(List list, int maxLength, Lock lock) {
this.list = list;
this.maxLength = maxLength;
this.lock = lock;
}

@Override
public void run() {
while (true) {
lock.lock();
try {
while (list.size() == maxLength) {
System.out.println(“生产者” + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " list以达到最大容量，进行wait");
full.await();
System.out.println(“生产者” + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 退出wait");
}
Random random = new Random();
int i = random.nextInt();
System.out.println(“生产者” + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 生产数据" + i);
list.add(i);
empty.signalAll();
Thread.sleep(500);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
}
}