绘制函数迭代图像

% 修改代码，使绘图更加美观
syms x
f = 0.5*x^2;
grad = gradient(f,x);

x0 = 1;
alpha = @(x, k) 2 - 1./(abs(x)*2^(k+2));
max_iter = 20;

xk = x0;
iter = 1;

x_vals = -1:0.1:1;
y_vals =subs(f,x,x_vals);
figure;
plot(x_vals, y_vals, 'LineWidth', 1.5); % 增加线条宽度和颜色
hold on;

while iter <= max_iter
    alpha_k = alpha(xk, iter);
    
    plot(xk, subs(f,x,xk), 'ro', 'MarkerFaceColor', 'r'); % 使用实心点
    
    grad_k=subs(grad,xk);
    
    xk = xk - alpha_k*grad_k;
    
    plot([xk+alpha_k*grad_k, xk], [subs(f,x,xk+alpha_k*grad_k), subs(f,x,xk)], 'k', 'LineWidth', 1.2); % 使用更好看的直线颜色和宽度
    
    iter = iter + 1;
    
    pause(0.5); % 暂停0.5秒，实现动态迭代效果
end

title('迭代过程');
xlabel('x');
ylabel('f(x)');