[root@master ~]# kubectl label nodes node2 app=nginx
node/node2 labeled
[root@master ~]# kubectl get nodes node2 --show-labels
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION LABELS
node2 Ready 5d4h v1.20.0 app=nginx,beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=node2,kubernetes.io/os=linux
[root@master ~]# cat jj.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: nginx
namespace: default
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
nodeSelector:
app: nginx
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f jj.yml
pod/nginx created
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
nginx 1/1 Running 0 13s 10.244.2.48 node2
调度失败案例
//取消标签
[root@master ~]# kubectl label nodes node2 app-
node/node2 labeled
//验证
[root@master ~]# kubectl get nodes node2 --show-labels
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION LABELS
node2 Ready 5d4h v1.20.0 beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=node2,kubernetes.io/os=linux
[root@master ~]# cat jj.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: nginx
namespace: default
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
nodeSelector:
app: nginx
[root@master ~]# kubectl delete -f jj.yml
pod “nginx” deleted
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f jj.yml
pod/nginx created
//这种情况属于等待(也就是说等待某个节点中有app=nginx,一直等,等到那个节点有就给哪个节点)
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
nginx 0/1 Pending 0 14s
//我现在给node2上加标签
[root@master ~]# kubectl get nodes node2 --show-labels #确定node2上没有标签
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION LABELS
node2 Ready 5d4h v1.20.0 beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=node2,kubernetes.io/os=linux
[root@master ~]# kubectl label nodes node2 app=nginx
node/node2 labeled
//刚刚添加标签
[root@master ~]# kubectl get nodes node2 --show-labels
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION LABELS
node2 Ready 5d4h v1.20.0 app=nginx,beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=node2,kubernetes.io/os=linux
//发现是node2
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
nginx 1/1 Running 0 5m 10.244.2.49 node2
nodeAffinity:
节点亲和性,与nodeSelector作用一样。但相比更灵活,满足更多条件
-
匹配有更多的逻辑组合,不只是字符串的完全相等
-
调度分为软策略和硬策略,而不是硬性要求
-
硬(required):
必须满足
-
软(preferred):
尝试满足,但不保证
-
操作符:ln、NotIn、Exists、DoesNotExist、Gt.Lt
//帮助
[root@master ~]# kubectl explain pod.spec.affinity.nodeAffinity
KIND: Pod
VERSION: v1
RESOURCE: nodeAffinity
DESCRIPTION:
Describes node affinity scheduling rules for the pod.
Node affinity is a group of node affinity scheduling rules.
FIELDS:
preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution <[]Object>
The scheduler will prefer to schedule pods to nodes that satisfy the
affinity expressions specified by this field, but it may choose a node that
violates one or more of the expressions. The node that is most preferred is
the one with the greatest sum of weights, i.e. for each node that meets all
of the scheduling requirements (resource request, requiredDuringScheduling
affinity expressions, etc.), compute a sum by iterating through the
elements of this field and adding “weight” to the sum if the node matches
the corresponding matchExpressions; the node(s) with the highest sum are
the most preferred.
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution
If the affinity requirements specified by this field are not met at
scheduling time, the pod will not be scheduled onto the node. If the
affinity requirements specified by this field cease to be met at some point
during pod execution (e.g. due to an update), the system may or may not try
to eventually evict the pod from its node.
示例
第一种(只会在node1)
node1 打两个标签(app=nginx gpu=nvdia)
node2 打一个标签(app=nginx)
-
required:
必须满足
-
preferred:
尝试满足,但不保证
//node1 打两个标签(app=nginx gpu=nvdia)
[root@master ~]# kubectl label nodes node1 app=nginx gpu=nvdia
node/node1 labeled
//node2 打一个标签(app=nginx)
[root@master ~]# kubectl label nodes node2 app=nginx
node/node2 labeled
[root@master ~]# kubectl get nodes node1 node2 --show-labels
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION LABELS
node1 Ready 5d4h v1.20.0 app=nginx,beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,gpu=nvdia,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=node1,kubernetes.io/os=linux
node2 Ready 5d4h v1.20.0 app=nginx,beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=node2,kubernetes.io/os=linux
[root@master ~]# cat yy.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: test
namespace: default
spec:
containers:
- name: b1
image: busybox
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
command: [“bin/sh”,“-c”,“sleep 45”]
affinity:
nodeAffinity:
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
-
matchExpressions:
-
key: app
operator: In
values:
- nginx
preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
- weight: 3
preference:
matchExpressions:
- key: gpu
operator: In
values:
- nvdia
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f yy.yml
pod/test created
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
test 1/1 Running 1 87s 10.244.1.97 node1
第二种(遵循默认规则,公平竞争)
node1 打一个标签(app=nginx )
node2 打一个标签(app=nginx)
-
required:
必须满足
-
preferred:
尝试满足,但不保证
//node1 打一个标签(app=nginx)
[root@master ~]# kubectl label nodes node1 app=nginx
node/node1 labeled
//node2 打一个标签(app=nginx)
[root@master ~]# kubectl label nodes node2 app=nginx
node/node2 labeled
[root@master ~]# kubectl get nodes node1 node2 --show-labels
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION LABELS
node1 Ready 5d5h v1.20.0 app=nginx,beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=node1,kubernetes.io/os=linux
node2 Ready 5d5h v1.20.0 app=nginx,beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=node2,kubernetes.io/os=linux
[root@master ~]# cat yy.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: test
namespace: default
spec:
containers:
- name: b1
image: busybox
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
command: [“bin/sh”,“-c”,“sleep 45”]
affinity:
nodeAffinity:
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
-
matchExpressions:
-
key: app
operator: In
values:
- nginx
preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
- weight: 3
preference:
matchExpressions:
- key: gpu
operator: In
values:
- nvdia
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f yy.yml
pod/test created
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
test 1/1 Running 0 6s 10.244.1.98 node1
Taints: 避免Pod调度到特定Node上
TolerationsI: 允许Pod调度到持有Taints的Node上
应用场景:
-
专用节点:根据业务线将Node分组管理,希望在默认情况下不调度该节点,只有配置了污点容忍才允许分配
-
配备特殊硬件:部分Node配有SSD硬盘、GPU,希望在默认情况下不调度该节点,只有配置了污点容忍才允许分配
-
基于Taint的驱逐
给节点添加污点
格式:kubectl taint node [node] key=value:[effect]
例如:kubectl taint node node1 gpu=yes:NoSchedule
验证:kubectl describe node node1 lgrep Taint
去掉污点:kubectl taint node [node] key:[effect]-
//查看污点
[root@master ~]# kubectl describe node node1 node2 master | grep -i taint
Taints:
Taints:
Taints: node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule
其中[effect]
可取值
-
NoSchedule :一定不能被调度
-
PreferNoSchedule:尽量不要调度,非必须配置容忍
-
NoExecute:不仅不会调度,还会驱逐Node上已有的Pod
添加污点容忍(tolrations)字段到Pod配置中
//案例
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: pod-taints
spec:
containers:
- name: pod-taints
image: busybox:latest
tolerations:
- key: “gpu”
operator: “Equal”
value: “yes”
effect: “NoSchedule”
示例
第一种(NoSchedule)
不能被调度
//给node1加污点
[root@master ~]# kubectl taint node node1 node1:NoSchedule
node/node1 tainted
[root@master ~]# kubectl describe node node1 | grep -i taint
Taints: node1:NoSchedule
[root@master ~]# cat yy.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: test
namespace: default
spec:
containers:
- name: b1
image: busybox
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
command: [“bin/sh”,“-c”,“sleep 45”]
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f yy.yml
pod/test created
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
test 1/1 Running 0 6s 10.244.2.50 node2
//清除污点
[root@master ~]# kubectl taint node node1 node1:NoSchedule-
node/node1 untainted
[root@master ~]# kubectl describe node node1 | grep -i taint
Taints:
第二种(PreferNoSchedule)
尽量不要调度,也有可能调度
[root@master ~]# kubectl taint node node1 node1:PreferNoSchedule
node/node1 tainted
[root@master ~]# kubectl describe node node1 | grep -i taint
Taints: node1:PreferNoSchedule
[root@master ~]# cat yy.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: test
namespace: default
spec:
containers:
- name: b1
image: busybox
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
command: [“bin/sh”,“-c”,“sleep 45”]
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f yy.yml
pod/test created
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
test 1/1 Running 0 3s 10.244.2.51 node2
第三种(NoExecute)
-
驱逐
-
不仅不会调度,还会驱逐Node上已有的Pod
[root@master ~]# cat yy.yml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: test
namespace: default
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: b1
image: busybox
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
command: [“bin/sh”,“-c”,“sleep 45”]
//去掉node2的标签,留下node1的标签
[root@master ~]# kubectl label nodes node2 app-
node/node2 labeled
[root@master ~]# kubectl get nodes node1 node2 --show-labels
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION LABELS
node1 Ready 5d6h v1.20.0 app=nginx,beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=node1,kubernetes.io/os=linux
node2 Ready 5d6h v1.20.0 beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=node2,kubernetes.io/os=linux
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f yy.yml
deployment.apps/test created
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
test-d6cbf6c57-qbpz8 1/1 Running 0 8s 10.244.1.108 node1
//给node1 添加污点后
[root@master ~]# kubectl taint node node1 node1:NoExecute
node/node1 tainted
[root@master ~]# kubectl describe node node1 | grep -i taint
Taints: node1:NoExecute
//此时在node2上
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
test-d6cbf6c57-r8d7l 1/1 Running 0 19s 10.244.2.52 node2
示例
容忍
//帮助
[root@master ~]# kubectl explain deploy.spec.template.spec
KIND: Deployment
VERSION: apps/v1
RESOURCE: spec
DESCRIPTION:
Specification of the desired behavior of the pod. More info:
https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/sig-architecture/api-conventions.md#spec-and-status
…
tolerations <[]Object>
If specified, the pod’s tolerations.
topologySpreadConstraints <[]Object>
TopologySpreadConstraints describes how a group of pods ought to spread
across topology domains. Scheduler will schedule pods in a way which abides
by the constraints. All topologySpreadConstraints are ANDed.
volumes <[]Object>
List of volumes that can be mounted by containers belonging to the pod.
More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/volumes
[root@master ~]# cat yy.yml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: test
namespace: default
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: b1
image: busybox
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
command: [“bin/sh”,“-c”,“sleep 45”]
tolerations:
- key: node1
effect: NoExecute #容忍
//污点依然在node1节点上
[root@master ~]# kubectl describe node node1 | grep -i taint
Taints: node1:NoExecute
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f yy.yml
deployment.apps/test configured
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
test-84d56c4b4c-59m89 1/1 Running 0 3s 10.244.1.109 node1 #现在在node1节点上
test-d6cbf6c57-r8d7l 0/1 Terminating 6 12m 10.244.2.52 node2 #已经终止了
- nodeName:指定节点名称,用于将Pod调度到指定的Node上,不经过调度器
[root@master ~]# cat yy.yml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: test
namespace: default
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
nodeName: node2
containers:
- name: b1
image: busybox
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
command: [“bin/sh”,“-c”,“sleep 45”]
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f yy.yml
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JavaScript
-
js的基本类型有哪些?引用类型有哪些?null和undefined的区别。
-
如何判断一个变量是Array类型?如何判断一个变量是Number类型?(都不止一种)
-
Object是引用类型嘛?引用类型和基本类型有什么区别?哪个是存在堆哪一个是存在栈上面的?
-
JS常见的dom操作api
-
解释一下事件冒泡和事件捕获
-
事件委托(手写例子),事件冒泡和捕获,如何阻止冒泡?如何组织默认事件?
-
对闭包的理解?什么时候构成闭包?闭包的实现方法?闭包的优缺点?
-
this有哪些使用场景?跟C,Java中的this有什么区别?如何改变this的值?
-
call,apply,bind
-
显示原型和隐式原型,手绘原型链,原型链是什么?为什么要有原型链
-
创建对象的多种方式
-
实现继承的多种方式和优缺点
-
new 一个对象具体做了什么
-
手写Ajax,XMLHttpRequest
-
变量提升
-
举例说明一个匿名函数的典型用例
-
指出JS的宿主对象和原生对象的区别,为什么扩展JS内置对象不是好的做法?有哪些内置对象和内置函数?
-
attribute和property的区别
-
document load和document DOMContentLoaded两个事件的区别
-
JS代码调试
一个人可以走的很快,但一群人才能走的更远。不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人,都欢迎扫码加入我们的的圈子(技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导),让我们一起学习成长!
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