map(可调用函数,可迭代对象)
可迭代对象除了可以使用for 循环之外, map()函数也是常见的用法。map()函数的标准用法如下:
s = list("3874560987")
print(s)
print(sum(s))
['3', '8', '7', '4', '5', '6', '0', '9', '8', '7']
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
Input In [1], in <cell line: 3>()
1 s = list("3874560987")
2 print(s)
----> 3 print(sum(s))
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'int' and 'str'
从错误提示信息来看,出现的是类型错误。解决方法是再使用一个循环把列表中的元素全部变成整数类型来进行加总。
s = list("3874560987")
print(s)
numbers = list()
for c in s:
numbers.append(int(c))
print(sum(numbers))
['3', '8', '7', '4', '5', '6', '0', '9', '8', '7']
57
显然已经顺利完成了任务。然而,程序代码却显得冗长些了,如果 调用map()函数。就可以简洁地实现同样的功能:
s = list("3874560987")
print(s)
print(sum(map(int, s)))
['3', '8', '7', '4', '5', '6', '0', '9', '8', '7']
57
def draw_bar(n):
return "*"*n
s = [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9]
for bar in map(draw_bar ,s):
print(bar) s = [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9]
for bar in map(draw_bar ,s):
print(bar)
**
***
****
*****
******
*********