单臂路由原理与配置

一、单臂路由的概述

单臂路由(router-on-a-stick)是指在路由器的一个接口上通过配置子接口(或"逻辑接口"，并不存在真正物理接口)的方式，实现原来相互隔离的不同VLAN(虚拟局域网)之间的互联互通。

链路类型：

• 交换机连接主机的端口为access链路
• 交换机连接路由器的端口为Trunk链路

子接口：

• 路由器的物理接口可以被划分为多个逻辑接口
• 每个子接口对应一个vlan网段的网关

二、单臂路由的原理

路由器重新封装MAC地址，转换VLAN标识

三、配置命令

[R1] interface g0/0/0.10
[Huawei -GigabitEthernet0/0/0. 10]dot1q termination vid 10
[Huawei-Gigabi tEthernet0/0/0.10]ip add 192.168.10.1 24
[Huawei-Gigabi tEthernet0/0/0.10]arp broadcast enable  ###开启向下arp广播请求功能

[R1 ]int g0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh[R1]dis ip interface brief

四、单臂路由配置实例

可以操作分为两个部分：上半部分和下半部分

下半部分

SW1

<Huawei>sys        ##进入系统视图
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys SW1        ##重命名
[SW1]
[SW1]un in en           ##关闭提醒
Info: Information center is disabled.
[SW1]vlan batch 10 20 30 40 50         ##批量创建
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[SW1]int e0/0/1           ##进入e0/0/1端口
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type access      ##进入access接口
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]port default vlan 10       ##默认为vlan2
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]un sh
Info: Interface Ethernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]q
[SW1]int e0/0/2
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/2]p l a
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/2]p d v 20
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/2]q
[SW1]int e0/0/3
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/3]p l a
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/3]p d v 30
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/3]q
[SW1]int e0/0/4
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/4]p l t
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/4]p t a v a
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/4]q
[SW1]int e0/0/5
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/5]p l t
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/5]p t a v a
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/5]dis vlan

SW2

<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys SW2
[SW2]
[SW2]un in en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[SW2]vlan batch 40 50
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[SW2]int e0/0/1
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/1]p l a
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/1]p d v 40
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/1]q
[SW2]int e0/0/2
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/2]p l a 
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/2]p d v 50
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/2]q
[SW2]int e0/0/3
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/3]p l t
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/3]p t a v a

R1

<Huawei>
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys R2
[R2]un in en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[R2]vlan batch 10 20 30 40 50
### 单臂路由
[R2]int g0/0/0.10      ##进入子接口视图
[R2]dot1q termination vid 10    ##配置标签封装结构
[R2]ip add 192.168.1.1 24    ##网关
[R2]arp broadcast enable  ##开启向下ARP广播请求功能

[R2]int g0/0/0.20
[R2]dot1q t v 20
[R2]ip add 192.168.2.1 24
[R2]a b e

[R2]int g0/0/0.30
[R2]d t v 30
[R2]ip add 192.168.3.1 24
[R2]a b e

[R2]int g0/0/0.40
[R2]d t v 40
[R2]ip add 192.168.4.1 24
[R2]a b e

[R2]int g0/0/0.50
[R2]dot1q termination vid 50
[R2]ip add 192.168.5.1 24
[R2]a b e
[R2]q

R2]int g0/0/1
[R2]ip add 10.0.0.1 24
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.6.0 24 10.0.0.2

上半部分

R2

<Huawei>
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys R2
[R2]un in en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 10.0.0.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R2]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.6.1 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 10.0.0.1
##静态路由