装饰模式的实现

概述

装饰模式定义：动态地给一个对象添加额外的职责和功能。也就是说：我们可以在不使用继承、不改变原有结构的基础上扩展新的内容。举个例子，我们都担心摔碎手机屏幕，所以我们可以在手机的外表面裹一层材料(比如钢化膜，手机套)从而使得手机具有了抗摔的新功能；并且手机原本的功能(打电话，拍照，上网)并没有受到任何影响。嗯哼，看完这个小例子，我们来瞅瞅装饰模式中的四个角色:

• Component：被装饰的原始抽象(类或接口)组件
• ConcreteComponent：Component的具体实现类
• Decorator：抽象装饰者
• ConcreteDecorator：Decorator的具体实现类

以食物的例子进行代码的实现

食物有两种，炒饭和抄面，它们又可以加配菜，配菜有鸡蛋和培根。

主食Food

里面有食物名称和价格，作为父类

public class Food {
    private String name;
    private double price;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(double price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public Food(String name, double price) {
        this.name = name;
        this.price = price;
    }

    public Food() {
    }
}

炒饭FriedRice

继承自Food
传参

public class FriedRice extends Food {
    public FriedRice() {
        super("炒饭", 12);
    }
}

抄面FriedNoodles

继承自Food
传参

public class FriedNoodles extends Food {
    public FriedNoodles() {
        super("炒面", 10);
    }
}

配菜SideDish

抽象装饰者
里面有name,price,food属性,还实现了sendPropaganda宣传语,getSumPrice获得价格的方法

public abstract class SideDish {
    private String name;
    private double price;
    private Food food;

    public SideDish(String name, double price, Food food) {
        this.name = name;
        this.price = price;
        this.food = food;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(double price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public Food getFood() {
        return food;
    }

    public void setFood(Food food) {
        this.food = food;
    }

    public SideDish() {
    }
    public abstract String sendPropaganda();
    public abstract String getSumPrice();
}

鸡蛋Egg

继承自SideDish,实现方法,并且有自己的宣传语和打折价格

public class Egg extends SideDish {
    private String Propaganda="美味可口";
    private double discount = 1;

    public Egg( Food food) {
        super("鸡蛋", 2, food);
    }

    @Override
    public String sendPropaganda() {
        return super.getName()+super.getFood().getName()+this.Propaganda;
    }

    @Override
    public String getSumPrice() {
        return super.getFood().getPrice()+super.getPrice()-this.discount+"元";
    }
}

培根Bacon

继承自SideDish,实现方法,并且有自己的宣传语和打折价格

public class Bacon extends SideDish{
    private String Propaganda="非常好吃";
    private double discount = 0.5;

    public Bacon(Food food) {
        super("培根", 3, food);
    }

    @Override
    public String sendPropaganda() {
        return super.getName()+super.getFood().getName()+this.Propaganda;
    }

    @Override
    public String getSumPrice() {
        return super.getFood().getPrice()+super.getPrice()-this.discount+"元";
    }
}

测试类

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        FriedRice friedRice = new FriedRice();
        FriedNoodles friedNoodles = new FriedNoodles();
        Egg egg = new Egg(friedRice);
        Bacon bacon = new Bacon(friedNoodles);
        System.out.println(egg.sendPropaganda()+" "+egg.getSumPrice());
        System.out.println(bacon.sendPropaganda()+" "+bacon.getSumPrice());
    }
}

结果