目录
一,jwt出现的原因及工作原理
1. JWT是什么
JSON Web Token (JWT),它是目前最流行的跨域身份验证解决方案
2. 为什么使用JWT
JWT的精髓在于:“去中心化”,数据是保存在客户端的。3. JWT的工作原理
1. 是在服务器身份验证之后,将生成一个JSON对象并将其发送回用户,示例如下:
{"UserName": "Chongchong","Role": "Admin","Expire": "2018-08-08 20:15:56"}2. 之后,当用户与服务器通信时,客户在请求中发回JSON对象
3. 为了防止用户篡改数据,服务器将在生成对象时添加签名,并对发回的数据进行验证
二,jwt工具类介绍,三种场景
JwtFilter:
package com.zking.vue.util;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
/**
* * JWT验证过滤器,配置顺序 :CorsFilte-->JwtFilter-->struts2中央控制器
*
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class JwtFilter implements Filter {
// 排除的URL,一般为登陆的URL(请改成自己登陆的URL)
private static String EXCLUDE = "^/vue/userAction_login\\.action?.*$";
private static Pattern PATTERN = Pattern.compile(EXCLUDE);
private boolean OFF = true;// true关闭jwt令牌验证功能
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
}
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) request;
HttpServletResponse resp = (HttpServletResponse) response;
String path = req.getServletPath();
if (OFF || isExcludeUrl(path)) {// 登陆直接放行
chain.doFilter(request, response);
return;
}
// 从客户端请求头中获得令牌并验证
String jwt = req.getHeader(JwtUtils.JWT_HEADER_KEY);
Claims claims = this.validateJwtToken(jwt);
if (null == claims) {
// resp.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
resp.sendError(403, "JWT令牌已过期或已失效");
return;
} else {
String newJwt = JwtUtils.copyJwt(jwt, JwtUtils.JWT_WEB_TTL);
resp.setHeader(JwtUtils.JWT_HEADER_KEY, newJwt);
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}
/**
* 验证jwt令牌,验证通过返回声明(包括公有和私有),返回null则表示验证失败
*/
private Claims validateJwtToken(String jwt) {
Claims claims = null;
try {
if (null != jwt) {
claims = JwtUtils.parseJwt(jwt);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return claims;
}
/**
* 是否为排除的URL
*
* @param path
* @return
*/
private boolean isExcludeUrl(String path) {
Matcher matcher = PATTERN.matcher(path);
return matcher.matches();
}
// public static void main(String[] args) {
// String path = "/sys/userAction_doLogin.action?username=zs&password=123";
// Matcher matcher = PATTERN.matcher(path);
// boolean b = matcher.matches();
// System.out.println(b);
// }
}
Http.js:
/**
* vue项目对axios的全局配置
*/
import axios from 'axios'
import qs from 'qs'
//引入action模块,并添加至axios的类属性urls上
import action from '@/api/action'
axios.urls = action
// axios默认配置
axios.defaults.timeout = 10000; // 超时时间
// axios.defaults.baseURL = 'http://localhost:8080/j2ee15'; // 默认地址
axios.defaults.baseURL = action.SERVER;
//整理数据
// 只适用于 POST,PUT,PATCH,transformRequest` 允许在向服务器发送前,修改请求数据
axios.defaults.transformRequest = function(data) {
data = qs.stringify(data);
return data;
};
// 请求拦截器
axios.interceptors.request.use(function(config) {
var jwt = window.vm.$store.getters.getJwt;
config.headers['jwt'] = jwt;
return config;
}, function(error) {
return Promise.reject(error);
});
// 响应拦截器
axios.interceptors.response.use(function(response) {
debugger;
var jwt = response.headers['jwt'];
if(jwt){
window.vm.$store.commit('setJwt',{jwt:jwt});
}
return response;
}, function(error) {
return Promise.reject(error);
});
export default axios;
mutations.js:
export default {
setResName:(state,payload)=>{
// state对象就对应了state.js中的对象
// payload载荷 对应的 传递的 json对象参数{name:zs,age:24}
state.resName=payload.resName;
},
setJwt:(state,payload)=>{
state.jwt=payload.jwt;
}
}
state.js:
export default {
resName:'阿猪餐馆',
jwt:''
}
getters.js:
export default {
getResName:(state)=>{
return state.resName;
},
getJwt:(state)=>{
return state.jwt;
}
}
main.js:
// The Vue build version to load with the `import` command
// (runtime-only or standalone) has been set in webpack.base.conf with an alias.
import Vue from 'vue'
//开发环境下才会引入mockjs
//process.env.MOCK为false,那么require('@/mock')就不执行;
// process.env.MOCK在生产环境下为false
// process.env.MOCK && require('@/mock')
import ElementUI from 'element-ui' // 新添加 1
import 'element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css' // 新添加 2 ,避免后期打包样式
import App from './App'
import router from './router'
import axios from '@/api/http' //vue项目对axios的全局配置
// import axios from 'axios'
import VueAxios from 'vue-axios'
import store from './store'
Vue.use(ElementUI);//新添加 3
Vue.use(VueAxios,axios);
Vue.config.productionTip = false
/* eslint-disable no-new */
window.vm = new Vue({
el: '#app',
router,
store,
data(){
return {
//在vue根实例中定一个变量,这个变量就是vue实例,它总线
//props this.$emit
Bus:new Vue({})
}
},
components: { App },
template: '<App/>'
})