Flask06——（七、登录功能的实现 七、1基本登录功能 七、2登录错误信息提醒）

七、登录功能的实现

七、1基本登录功能

和注册思路基本相同，用户输入邮箱和密码之后，去数据库中找是否存在改用户，诺存在即登录成功， 不存在返回错误提示。需要设置login.html和forms表单创建验证器，在user.py中创建login视图供向数据库提供数据。
设置login.html

{% extends "base.html" %}

{% block title %}知了问答-登录{% endblock %}

{% block head %}

{% endblock %}

{% block body %}
  <div class="row mt-4">
    <div class="col"></div>
    <div class="col">
      <form action="{{ url_for("user.login") }}" method="POST">
        <div class="form-group">
          <label for="exampleInputEmail1">邮箱</label>
          <input type="email" class="form-control" id="exampleInputEmail1" aria-describedby="emailHelp" name="email">
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
          <label for="exampleInputPassword1">密码</label>
          <input type="password" name="password" class="form-control" id="exampleInputPassword1">
        </div>

        {% for message in get_flashed_messages() %}
          <div class="form-group">
            <div class="text-danger">{{ message }}</div>
          </div>
        {% endfor %}

        <div class="form-group">
          <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary btn-block">立即登录</button>
        </div>
      </form>
    </div>
    <div class="col"></div>
  </div>
{% endblock %}

forms.py

import wtforms
from wtforms.validators import length,email,EqualTo,InputRequired
from models import EmailCaptchaModel,UserModel


class LoginForm(wtforms.Form):
    email = wtforms.StringField(validators=[email()])
    password = wtforms.StringField(validators=[length(min=6,max=20)])


class RegisterForm(wtforms.Form):
    username = wtforms.StringField(validators=[length(min=3,max=20)])
    email = wtforms.StringField(validators=[email()])
    captcha = wtforms.StringField(validators=[length(min=4, max=4)])
    password = wtforms.StringField(validators=[length(min=6,max=20)])
    password_confirm = wtforms.StringField(validators=[EqualTo("password")])

    def validate_captcha(self,field):
        captcha = field.data
        email = self.email.data
        captcha_model = EmailCaptchaModel.query.filter_by(email=email).first()
        if not captcha_model or captcha_model.captcha.lower() != captcha.lower():
            raise wtforms.ValidationError("邮箱验证码错误！")

    def validate_email(self,field):
        email = field.data
        user_model = UserModel.query.filter_by(email=email).first()
        if user_model:
            raise wtforms.ValidationError("邮箱已经存在！")

import random
import string

from flask import (Blueprint,
                   render_template,
                   request, redirect,
                   url_for,
                   jsonify,
                   session,
                   flash)

from blueprints.forms import RegisterForm,LoginForm
from exts import mail, db
from flask_mail import Message
from models import EmailCaptchaModel, UserModel
from datetime import datetime
from werkzeug.security import generate_password_hash, check_password_hash  # 加密解密

bp = Blueprint("user", __name__, url_prefix="/user")


@bp.route("/login",methods=['GET','POST'])
def login():
    if request.method == 'GET':
        return render_template("login.html")
    else:
        form = LoginForm(request.form)
        if form.validate():
            email = form.email.data
            password = form.password.data
            user = UserModel.query.filter_by(email=email).first()
            if user and check_password_hash(user.password, password):
                session['user_id'] = user.id
                return redirect("/")
            else:
                flash("邮箱和密码不匹配")
                return redirect(url_for("user.login"))

        else:
            flash("邮箱或者密码格式错误")
            return redirect(url_for("user.login"))


@bp.route("/register", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def register():
    if request.method == 'GET':
        return render_template("register.html")
    else:
        form = RegisterForm(request.form)
        if form.validate():
            email = form.email.data
            username = form.username.data
            password = form.password.data
            # md5利用hash加密
            hash_password = generate_password_hash(password)
            user = UserModel(email=email, username=username, password=hash_password)
            db.session.add(user)
            db.session.commit()
            return redirect(url_for("user.login"))
        else:
            return redirect(url_for("user.register"))


@bp.route("/captcha", methods=['POST'])
def get_captcha():
    # GET,POST
    email = request.form.get("email")
    letters = string.ascii_letters + string.digits
    captcha = "".join(random.sample(letters, 4))
    if email:
        message = Message(
            subject="这是一封很有味道的邮件",
            recipients=[email],
            body=f"哈咯哈咯，您宝贵的码是：{captcha}，请不要告诉任何人哦！"
        )
        mail.send(message)
        captcha_model = EmailCaptchaModel.query.filter_by(email=email).first()
        if captcha_model:
            captcha_model.captcha = captcha
            captcha_model.create_time = datetime.now()
            db.session.commit()
        else:
            captcha_model = EmailCaptchaModel(email=email, captcha=captcha)
            db.session.add(captcha_model)
            db.session.commit()
        print("captcha:", captcha)
        # code: 200，成功的、正常的请求
        return jsonify({"code": 200})
    else:
        # code：400，客户端错误
        return jsonify({"code": 400, "message": "请先传递邮箱！"})

七、2登录错误信息提醒

这里进行最简单的两个提醒，
一个是密码和邮箱不匹配：即在数据库中找不到改数据就提示，不输入也进行改提示
第二个是邮箱或者验证码格式错误，这里是通过from.py表单来验证，不符合输入格式就提醒用户。