judge函数判断该矩阵该矩阵是否有逆矩阵
calculate计算逆矩阵
import sys
class MatrixInverse:
""""求逆矩阵"""
def __init__(self, matrix):
self.matrix = matrix
self.a = len(self.matrix)
self.b = len(self.matrix[0])
if self.a != self.b:
print("该矩阵不可求逆矩阵")
def judge(self):
c = 1
e = 0
m = self.matrix
for i in range(self.a):
for j in range(self.a):
c = c * m[j % self.a][(i + j) % self.a]
# print(f"{j % self.a},{(i + j) % self.a}")
e = e + c
c = 1
for i in range(self.a):
for j, k in zip(range(0, self.a*2, 2), range(self.a)):
c = c * m[k % self.a][(i + j) % self.a]
# print(f"{k % self.a},{(i + j) % self.a}")
e = e - c
c = 1
print(f"该矩阵的值为:{e}", end=",")
if e != 0:
print("存在逆矩阵。")
else:
print("不存在逆矩阵。")
return e
def calculate(self):
"""使用高斯约当消元法计算所给矩阵的逆矩阵"""
if MatrixInverse.judge(self) == 0:
sys.exit()
d = [[0 for i in range(self.a*2)] for j in range(self.a)]
e = [[0 for i in range(self.a)] for j in range(self.a)]
for i, j in zip(range(self.a), range(self.a)):
e[i][j] = 1
for i in range(self.a):
for j in range(self.a):
d[i][j] = self.matrix[i][j]
for i in range(self.a):
for j in range(self.a, self.a*2):
d[i][j] = e[i][j-self.a]
"""重新选取主元"""
m1 = []
for i in range(self.a):
m1.append(i)
for i in range(self.a):
m = 0
while m < self.a: # 这两个循环为选取主元
if d[m][i] != 0 and i < self.a and m in m1:
c2 = d[m][i] # c2 为选取的主元,m为行,i为列。
for x in range(self.a*2): # 本循环改变主元所在行的元素,各元素除以主元
d[m][x] = d[m][x]/c2 # 防止 d[i][m] 的变化
for j in range(self.a): # 本循环以主元所在行为标准,改变其他行
c3 = d[j][i]
for k in range(self.a*2):
if j != m:
d[j][k] = d[j][k]/c3 - d[m][k]
m1.remove(m)
m = self.a # i 列产生主元后,本列不再产生主元,切换到下一列
else:
m += 1
for i in range(self.a):
for j in range(self.a):
if d[i][j] != 0:
c5 = d[i][j]
for k in range(self.a*2):
d[i][k] = d[i][k]/c5
"""将逆矩阵保存在d2中"""
d2 = [[0 for i in range(self.a)] for j in range(self.a)]
for i in range(self.a):
for j in range(self.a, self.a*2):
d2[i][j-self.a] = float('%.2f' % d[i][j])
print("该矩阵的逆矩阵为:")
print(d2)
n = [[1, 2, 3], [0, 0, 0], [3, 4, 3]]
s = MatrixInverse(n)
s.calculate()
结果:
代码只支持二维矩阵