SpringMVC简介

2. SpringMVC简介

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2.1 SpringMVC概述

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SpringMVC是一种基于Java 的实现 MVC设计模型的请求驱动类型的轻量级 Web 框架，属于 SpringFrameWork的后续产品，已经融合在Spring Web Flow 中。
SpringMVC已经成为目前最主流的MVC框架之一并且随着Spring3.0 的发布，全面超越Struts2，成为最优秀的 MVC框架。它通过一套注解，让一个简单的Java 类成为处理请求的控制器，而无须实现任何接口。同时它还支持 RESTful 编程风格的请求

2.2 SpringMVC快速入门

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需求:客户端发起请求，服务器端接收请求，执行逻辑并进行视图跳转开发步骤:
导入SpringMVC相关坐标
配置SpringMVC核心控制器DispathcerServlet
创建Controller类和视图页面
使用注解配置Controller类中业务方法的映射地址
配置SpringMVC核心文件spring-mvcx.ml

2.3 springMVC流程图

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2.4 知识要点

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SpringMVC的开发步骤
导入SpringMVC相关坐标
配置SpringMVC核心控制器DispathcerServlet
创建Controller类和视图页面
使用注解配置Controller类中业务方法的映射地址
配置SpringMVC核心文件spring-mvc.xml
客户端发起请求测试

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>5.3.23</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.3.23</version>
    </dependency>



<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-appxmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
​
    <!--配置SpringMVC的前端控制器-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern><!--帮助寻找@RequestMapping("/quick")，即映射地址quick-->
    </servlet-mapping>
​
    <!--全局初始化参数-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
​
    <!--Spring的监听器-->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>UserServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.jian.web.UserServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>UserServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/userServlet</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
​
</web-app>



package com.jian.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/xxx")//模块
public class UserController {
    //请求地址 http://localhost:8080/spring_jian_mvc_war_exploded/xxx/quick//访问xxx模块下的quick模块
    @RequestMapping("/quick")//quick是映射地址
    public String save(){
        System.out.println("Controller save running...");
        return "/success.jsp";
    }
}




<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
​
    <!--Controller的组件扫描-->
    <context:component-scanbase-package="com.jian.controller"/>
​
</beans>