十一、DS18B20温度传感器
介绍
单总线时序结构
初始化:主机将总线拉低至少480us,然后释放总线,等待15~ 60us后,存在的从机会拉低总线60~240us以相应主机,之后从机将释放总线
发送一位:主机将总线拉低60~ 120us,然后释放总线,表示发送0;主机将总线拉低1~ 15us,然后释放总线,表示发送1。从机将在总线拉低30us后,读取电平,整个时间片应大于60us
接收一位:主机将总线拉低1~15us,然后释放总线,并在拉低后15us内读取总线电平(尽量贴近15us的末尾),读取为低电平则为接收0,读取为高电平则为接收1 ,整个时间片应大于60us
操作流程
温度存储格式
单总线模块代码
#include <REGX52.H>
//引脚定义
sbit OneWire_DQ=P3^7;
unsigned char OneWire_Init(void)
{
unsigned char i;
unsigned char AckBit;
OneWire_DQ=1;
OneWire_DQ=0;
i = 247;while (--i); //Delay 500us
OneWire_DQ=1;
i = 32;while (--i); //Delay 70us
AckBit=OneWire_DQ;
i = 247;while (--i); //Delay 500us
return AckBit;
}
void OneWire_SendBit(unsigned char Bit)
{
unsigned char i;
OneWire_DQ=0;
i = 4;while (--i); //Delay 10us
OneWire_DQ=Bit;
i = 24;while (--i); //Delay 50us
OneWire_DQ=1;
}
unsigned char OneWire_ReceiveBit(void)
{
unsigned char i;
unsigned char Bit;
OneWire_DQ=0;
i = 2;while (--i); //Delay 5us
OneWire_DQ=1;
i = 2;while (--i); //Delay 5us
Bit=OneWire_DQ;
i = 24;while (--i); //Delay 50us
return Bit;
}
void OneWire_SendByte(unsigned char Byte)
{
unsigned char i;
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
OneWire_SendBit(Byte&(0x01<<i));
}
}
unsigned char OneWire_ReceiveByte(void)
{
unsigned char i;
unsigned char Byte=0x00;
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
if(OneWire_ReceiveBit()){Byte|=(0x01<<i);}
}
return Byte;
}
DS18B20模块代码
#include <REGX52.H>
#include "OneWire.h"
//DS18B20指令
#define DS18B20_SKIP_ROM 0xCC
#define DS18B20_CONVERT_T 0x44
#define DS18B20_READ_SCRATCHPAD 0xBE
void DS18B20_ConvertT(void)
{
OneWire_Init();
OneWire_SendByte(DS18B20_SKIP_ROM);
OneWire_SendByte(DS18B20_CONVERT_T);
}
float DS18B20_ReadT(void)
{
unsigned char TLSB,TMSB;
int Temp;
float T;
OneWire_Init();
OneWire_SendByte(DS18B20_SKIP_ROM);
OneWire_SendByte(DS18B20_READ_SCRATCHPAD);
TLSB=OneWire_ReceiveByte();
TMSB=OneWire_ReceiveByte();
Temp=(TMSB<<8)|TLSB;
T=Temp/16.0;
return T;
}
温度读取主函数
#include <REGX52.H>
#include "LCD1602.h"
#include "DS18B20.h"
#include "Delay.h"
float T;
void main()
{
DS18B20_ConvertT(); //上电先转换一次温度,防止第一次读数据错误
Delay(1000); //等待转换完成
LCD_Init();
LCD_ShowString(1,1,"Temperature:");
while(1)
{
DS18B20_ConvertT(); //转换温度
T=DS18B20_ReadT(); //读取温度
if(T<0) //如果温度小于0
{
LCD_ShowChar(2,1,'-'); //显示负号
T=-T; //将温度变为正数
}
else //如果温度大于等于0
{
LCD_ShowChar(2,1,'+'); //显示正号
}
LCD_ShowNum(2,2,T,3); //显示温度整数部分
LCD_ShowChar(2,5,'.'); //显示小数点
LCD_ShowNum(2,6,(unsigned long)(T*10000)%10000,4);//显示温度小数部分
}
}
温度报警器主函数
#include <REGX52.H>
#include "LCD1602.h"
#include "DS18B20.h"
#include "Delay.h"
#include "AT24C02.h"
#include "Key.h"
#include "Timer0.h"
float T,TShow;
char TLow,THigh;
unsigned char KeyNum;
void main()
{
DS18B20_ConvertT(); //上电先转换一次温度,防止第一次读数据错误
Delay(1000); //等待转换完成
THigh=AT24C02_ReadByte(0); //读取温度阈值数据
TLow=AT24C02_ReadByte(1);
if(THigh>125 || TLow<-55 || THigh<=TLow)
{
THigh=20; //如果阈值非法,则设为默认值
TLow=15;
}
LCD_Init();
LCD_ShowString(1,1,"T:");
LCD_ShowString(2,1,"TH:");
LCD_ShowString(2,9,"TL:");
LCD_ShowSignedNum(2,4,THigh,3);
LCD_ShowSignedNum(2,12,TLow,3);
Timer0_Init();
while(1)
{
KeyNum=Key();
/*温度读取及显示*/
DS18B20_ConvertT(); //转换温度
T=DS18B20_ReadT(); //读取温度
if(T<0) //如果温度小于0
{
LCD_ShowChar(1,3,'-'); //显示负号
TShow=-T; //将温度变为正数
}
else //如果温度大于等于0
{
LCD_ShowChar(1,3,'+'); //显示正号
TShow=T;
}
LCD_ShowNum(1,4,TShow,3); //显示温度整数部分
LCD_ShowChar(1,7,'.'); //显示小数点
LCD_ShowNum(1,8,(unsigned long)(TShow*100)%100,2);//显示温度小数部分
/*阈值判断及显示*/
if(KeyNum)
{
if(KeyNum==1) //K1按键,THigh自增
{
THigh++;
if(THigh>125){THigh=125;}
}
if(KeyNum==2) //K2按键,THigh自减
{
THigh--;
if(THigh<=TLow){THigh++;}
}
if(KeyNum==3) //K3按键,TLow自增
{
TLow++;
if(TLow>=THigh){TLow--;}
}
if(KeyNum==4) //K4按键,TLow自减
{
TLow--;
if(TLow<-55){TLow=-55;}
}
LCD_ShowSignedNum(2,4,THigh,3); //显示阈值数据
LCD_ShowSignedNum(2,12,TLow,3);
AT24C02_WriteByte(0,THigh); //写入到At24C02中保存
Delay(5);
AT24C02_WriteByte(1,TLow);
Delay(5);
}
if(T>THigh) //越界判断
{
LCD_ShowString(1,13,"OV:H");
}
else if(T<TLow)
{
LCD_ShowString(1,13,"OV:L");
}
else
{
LCD_ShowString(1,13," ");
}
}
}
void Timer0_Routine() interrupt 1
{
static unsigned int T0Count;
TL0 = 0x18; //设置定时初值
TH0 = 0xFC; //设置定时初值
T0Count++;
if(T0Count>=20)
{
T0Count=0;
Key_Loop(); //每20ms调用一次按键驱动函数
}
}