Java中Thread类的基本用法

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于 2023-07-26 23:46:09 发布

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文章标签： java 开发语言

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_63947056/article/details/131944780

版权

文章介绍了Java中创建线程的五种方式，包括继承Thread类和实现Runnable接口，以及使用匿名内部类和lambda表达式。接着讨论了如何终止线程，包括设置标志位和使用Thread的isInterrupted方法。此外，还讲解了线程的等待机制（join方法）和线程休眠（sleep方法）的使用。

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Java标准库中提供Thread类来表示线程。

一、线程创建

1、继承 Thread, 重写 run

package Thread;

 class MyThread extends Thread{
    public void run(){
        while(true){
            System.out.println("hello thread");
            try {
                Thread.sleep(3000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

public class Demo1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        MyThread myThread=new MyThread();
        myThread.start();
        while(true){
            System.out.println("hello main");
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        }
    }
}

2、实现 Runnable, 重写 run

package Thread;

class MyRunnable implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        while(true){
            System.out.println("hello thread ");
            try {
                Thread.sleep(3000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

public class Demo2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        MyRunnable myRunnable=new MyRunnable();
        Thread thread=new Thread(myRunnable);
        thread.start();
        while(true){
            System.out.println("hello main");
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        }
    }
}

3、继承 Thread, 重写 run, 使用匿名内部类

package Thread;

public class Demo3 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Thread t=new Thread(){
            @Override
            public void run() {
                while (true){
                    System.out.println("hello thread");
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(3000);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        };
        t.start();
        while(true){
            System.out.println("hello main");
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        }
    }
}

4、实现 Runnable, 重写 run, 使用匿名内部类

package Thread;

public class Demo4 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Thread t=new Thread(new Runnable(){

            @Override
            public void run() {
                while (true){
                    System.out.println("hello thread");
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(3000);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        });
        t.start();
        while(true){
            System.out.println("hello main");
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        }
    }
}

5、使用 lambda 表达式

package Thread;

public class Demo5 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Thread t=new Thread(()->{
            while(true){
                System.out.println("hello thread");
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(3000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });
        t.start();
        while(true){
            System.out.println("hello main");
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        }
    }
}

二、终止线程

线程的run方法执行完毕，这个线程就终止了

1、手动设置标志位

由于lambda会进行变量捕获，故标志位需设置为成员变量而不是局部变量

package Thread;

public class Demo6 {
    //将标志位isQuit设置为成员变量
    public static boolean isQuit=false;
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Thread t=new Thread(()->{
            while (!isQuit){
                System.out.println("hello thread");
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });
        t.start();
        Thread.sleep(4000);
        isQuit=true;
        System.out.println("线程t结束");
    }
}

2、使用Thread类自动设置标志位

package Thread;

public class Demo7 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Thread t=new Thread(()->{
            while(!Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()){
                System.out.println("hello thread");
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    //e.printStackTrace();
                    break;
                }
            }
        });
        t.start();
        Thread.sleep(3000);
        t.interrupt();
        System.out.println("t线程结束");
    }
}

三、线程等待

使用join方法

A、B两个线程，要b先结束，A后结束，让A使用join方法

package Thread;

public class Demo8 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Thread B=new Thread(()->{
            for (int i=0;i<5;i++){
                System.out.println("hello B");
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            System.out.println("B线程结束");
        });
        Thread A=new Thread(()->{
            for (int i=0;i<3;i++){
                System.out.println("hello A");
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            try {
                B.join();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println("A线程结束");
        });
        A.start();
        B.start();
    }
}