电网故障下光伏逆变器LVRT控制系统仿真设计-CSDN博客

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电网故障下光伏逆变器LVRT控制系统仿真设计

Direct simulation design of LVRT control system for photovoltaic inverters under power grid faults

摘要

光伏逆变器作为光伏并网系统的核心器件之一，其控制系统的设计对光伏并网系统的工作性能有着十分重要的影响。在光伏发电大力发展的趋势之下，我们对于电网稳定性的要求也越来越高，低电压穿越是一种电网故障发生时，有效确保电网系统稳定的控制，也是许多大型光伏电站必须具备的一种能力。本毕业设计研究了电网故障下光伏逆变器的LVRT技术，完成了以下工作：对国内外关于LVRT技术的发展现状、并网逆变器和光伏并网系统进行介绍。分析了光伏并网逆变器在电网故障下的工作特性。学习了电网发生故障时的基于dq-PLL和基于SOGI的电压跌落检测方法，并对两种检测方法进行了Simulink仿真，比较和讨论了两种检测方法的仿真结果。学习了电网电压跌落时基于无功支持的低电压控制策略。逆变器输出的电流在电网的电压发生跌落时不会因为过高而与电网脱离是LVRT的关键。光伏并网逆变器输出的有功和无功电流会根据电压的跌落程度发生变化，使得电网的电流在逆变器输出的无功功率支持下稳定正常值左右从而完成LVRT控制。并通过Simulink仿真验证LVRT控制策略的正确性和可行性。

关键词光伏并网；光伏逆变器；电压跌落检测；低电压穿越（LVRT）；无功支撑

Abstract

As one of the core components of photovoltaic grid connected systems, the design of the control system of photovoltaic inverters has a significant impact on the performance of the photovoltaic grid connected system. Under the trend of vigorous development of photovoltaic power generation, our requirements for grid stability are also increasing. Low voltage ride through is an effective control to ensure the stability of the grid system in the event of grid faults, and it is also a necessary ability for many large photovoltaic power plants. This graduation project studied the LVRT technology of photovoltaic inverters under power grid faults, and completed the following work: introducing the development status of LVRT technology at home and abroad, grid connected inverters, and photovoltaic grid connected systems. Analyzed the working characteristics of photovoltaic grid connected inverters under grid faults. Learned voltage drop detection methods based on dq PLL and SOGI when power grid faults occur, and conducted Simulink simulation on the two detection methods, comparing and discussing the simulation results of the two methods. Learned the low-voltage control strategy based on reactive power support during voltage drop in the power grid. The key to LVRT is that the current output by the inverter will not detach from the grid due to excessive voltage drop in the grid. The active and reactive currents output by photovoltaic grid connected inverters will change according to the degree of voltage drop, allowing the grid current to stabilize at around normal values under the support of the reactive power output by the inverter, thus completing LVRT control. And verify the correctness and feasibility of the LVRT control strategy through Simulink simulation.

Key Words photovoltaic grid connection; Photovoltaic inverter; Voltage drop detection; Low voltage ride through (LVRT); Reactive support