Shell 检查文件

-e比较可用于文件和目录。要确定指定对象为文件，必须用-f比较。

$ cat test13.sh
#!/bin/bash 
# Check if either a directory or file exists 
# 
item_name=$HOME 
echo 
echo "The item being checked: $item_name" 
echo 
# 
if [ -e $item_name ] 
then #Item does exist 
 echo "The item, $item_name, does exist." 
 echo "But is it a file?" 
 echo 
 # 
 if [ -f $item_name ] 
 then #Item is a file 
 echo "Yes, $item_name is a file." 
 # 
 else #Item is not a file 
 echo "No, $item_name is not a file." 
 fi 
# 
else #Item does not exist 
 echo "The item, $item_name, does not exist." 
 echo "Nothing to update" 
fi 
# 
$ ./test13.sh
The item being checked: /home/Christine 
The item, /home/Christine, does exist. 
But is it a file? 
No, /home/Christine is not a file. 
$ 

这一小段脚本进行了大量的检查！它首先使用-e比较测试$HOME是否存在。如果存在，继续用-f来测试它是不是一个文件。如果它不是文件（当然不会是了），就会显示一条消息，表明这不是一个文件。