因为ospf协议不支持终端汇总的,最好以一个区域汇总成一条来进行优化,所以我们根据题目划分成了6个子网。
area-0:172.16.0.0/19
172.16.0.0/24---P2P骨干
172.16.0.0/30
172.16.0.4/30
172.16.0.8/30
172.16.1.0/24---MA骨干
172.16.1.0/29
172.16.1.8/29
172.16.1.16/29
area-1:172.16.32.0/19
area-2:172.16.64.0/19
area-3:172.16.96.0/19
area-4:172.16.128.0/19
rip:172.16.160.0/19
剩余备用:172.16.192.0/19、172.16.224.0/19
1.现在我们先配置基本的IP地址
2.缺省路由
[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.2
[r5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.2
[r6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.2
[r7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.2
3.再配置mgre
中心站点R3:
[r3]int t 0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.1 29
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 34.0.0.1
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic
分支站点R5,R6,R7类似
[r5]int t 0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.1.2 29
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.1 172.16.0.1 register
4.我们在r12上面启动rip协议
[r12]rip 1
[r12-rip-1]v 2
[r12-rip-1]network 172.16.160.0
5.剩下的协议我们先汇总一下,然后将他们启动ospf进行宣告
以R1和R3为列:
R1
[r1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-ospf-1]area 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R3:
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]area 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[r3-ospf-1]area 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.32.0 0.0.3.255
6.因为tunnel接口原本是p2p类型,但我们的是mgre协议,是多对多,所以我们需要将类型修改为p2mp
以R3为例:
[r3]int t 0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
7.随后因为不同类型是无法正常通信,所以我们需要重发布
[r12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[r12-ospf-1]import-route rip 1
由于area4是不规则区域,导致R9不能正常与其他区域建邻,所以采用双向重发布
具体方法:删除之前在R9上宣告的172.16.128.0 0.0.3.255网段,从新建立ospf进程2,再将其进行重发布
[r9-ospf-1]area 4
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]undo network 172.16.128.0 0.0.3.255
[r9]ospf 2 router-id 9.9.9.9
[r9-ospf-2]area 4
[r9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.3.255
[r9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
8、减少LSA的更新量
(1)域间路由汇总R3,R6,R7
R3:
[r3]ospf
[r3-ospf-1]area 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0
R6:
[r6]ospf
[r6-ospf-1]area 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0
R7:
[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]area 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0
(2)域外路由汇总R9,R12
R12:
[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0
R9:
[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0
9、设置特殊区域 ,优化非骨干区域的lsa数量
(1)完全的末梢区域
R1:
[r1]ospf
[r1-ospf-1]area 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
R2:
[r2]ospf
[r2-ospf-1]area 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
R3:
[r3]ospf
[r3-ospf-1]area 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
(2)完全的非完全末梢区域
AREA 2
R6:
[r6]ospf
[r6-ospf-1]area 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
R11:
[r11]ospf
[r11-ospf-1]area 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa
R12:
[r12]ospf
[r12-ospf-1]area 2
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa
AREA 3
R7:
[r7]ospf
[r7-ospf-1]area 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
R8:
[r8]ospf
[r8-ospf-1]area 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa
R9:
[r9]ospf
[r9-ospf-1]area 3
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa
[r9]ospf 2
[r9-ospf-2]default-route-advertise
10、配置空接口路由进行防环
R3:
[r3]ip route-static 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0 NULL 0
R6:
[r6]ip route-static 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0 NULL 0
R7:
[r7]ip route-static 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0 NULL 0
R9:
[r9]ip route-static 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0 NULL 0
R12:
[r12]ip route-static 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0 NULL 0
11、访问R4的环回
R3:
[r3]acl 2000
[r3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r3-acl-basic-2000]q
[r3]int s 4/0/0
[r3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
R5:
[r5]acl 2000
[r5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r5-acl-basic-2000]q
[r5]int s 4/0/0
[r5-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
R6:
[r6]acl 2000
[r6-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r6-acl-basic-2000]q
[r6]int s 4/0/0
[r6-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
R7:
[r7]acl 2000
[r7-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r7-acl-basic-2000]q
[r7]int g 0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000
12.为了加快收敛,在MGRE环境中,隧道接口的网络类型为p2mp网络,hello时间默认为30S,死亡时间默认为40S
R3:
[r3]int t 0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
13.为了安全保障
R1:
[r1]ospf
[r1-ospf-1]area 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 123 cipher 123456
R2:
[r2]ospf
[r2-ospf-1]area 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 123 cipher 123456
R3:
[r3]ospf
[r3-ospf-1]area 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 123 cipher 123456
这个实验就做好了